摘要
创新成为企业生存和发展的动力,而企业的创新要依赖于员工的创造力。因此,如何提高员工的创造力成为组织管理理论和实践的热门话题。领导者作为组织管理的关键和灵魂,领导风格对员工创造力的影响备受关注。然而,领导风格往往具有积极作用和消极作用的两面性。为验证包容型领导对下属创造力的双刃剑效应,基于组织支持理论和领导力-创造力模型,构建以团队心理安全感为促进机制和以下属依赖为抑制机制的并列多重中介模型,从正反两个视角探讨包容型领导对下属创造力的影响机制。通过对67家企业的468套上级-下属配对问卷调查,研究结果表明,(1)包容型领导对下属创造力的直接效应和总效应均为正向;(2)包容型领导与下属创造力之间,由团队心理安全感、下属认知依赖和下属动机依赖构成的多重中介作用显著;(3)团队心理安全感的中介效应为正向(前后两半段路径均为正向);(4)下属认知依赖的中介效应为负向(前半段路径为正向,后半段路径为负向);(5)下属动机依赖的中介效应为正向(前后两半段路径均为负向)。研究结果验证了包容型领导对下属创造力的双刃剑效应,拓展了领导力-创造力模型和包容型领导理论,构建了包容型领导对下属创造力的影响机制模型,并找到了打开两者之间黑箱的钥匙,从多路径剖析包容型领导与下属创造力之间的传导机制,验证了下属依赖可分为下属认知依赖和下属动机依赖两个维度,并在综合前人观点的基础上对下属依赖、下属认知依赖和下属动机依赖的内涵进行界定。研究结论对营造和谐安全的组织氛围和提高员工创造力提供了理论参考和管理启示。
Innovation is increasingly becoming the motivation and source for enterprises＇ survival and development,therefore,more and more entrepreneurs claim： Innovation,or Death. However,the innovation of the enterprises has to rely on employee creativity. Therefore,how to improve the staff＇s creativity has become a hot topic in theory and practice of organizational management. As the key part and the soul of organizational management,the impact of leadership on employee creativity draws great attention naturally. This study will explore the relationship between inclusive leadership and subordinates＇ creativity.Inclusive leadership has two sides,namely the positive effect and negative effect. For testing whether inclusive leadership must be able to motivate the followers＇ creativity,based on the organizational support theory and the leadership-creativity model,this research,from two aspects of positive and negative effects,also explores the influence of inclusive leadership to followers＇ creativity.Based on 468 sets of leadership-subordinate matching questionnaire of 67 companies,the conclusions of this study are as follows： Inclusive leadership has a positive effect on followers＇ creativity. There is a significant multiple mediation effect of team psychological safety,followers＇ cognitive dependence and followers＇ motivation dependence in the action mechanism of inclusive leadership and followers＇ creativity. And the influence of inclusive leadership on followers＇ cognitive dependence and followers＇ motivation dependence has two different directions.This research expands the study of leadership style theory,leadership-creativity model theory,inclusive leadership theory and followers＇ creativity theory,and expands the relationship between inclusive leadership and organizational performance. Under the previous calls,we practice some new research methods. It proves that followers＇ dependence and inclusive leadership and their measuring tools are applicable under the context of Chinese culture. The innovation of this study is mainly manifested in the following three aspects： first of all,building the model of the influence mechanism of inclusive leadership to their followers＇ creativity; secondly,finding the key of the‘black box＇to open the relationship between inclusive leadership and followers＇ creativity and revealing the transmission mechanism between inclusive leadership and followers＇ creativity; and finally,putting forward and verifying that the construct of followers＇ dependence can be divided into two dimensions of followers＇ cognitive dependence and followers＇ motivation dependence,and finding that followers＇ cognitive dependence and followers＇ motivation dependence will go in two different directions under the influence of inclusive leadership,which can promote the development of subordinate dependency theory.The study provides firms with theoretical reference and management enlightenment to create a harmonious security organization atmosphere and improve the creativity of employees. The practical significance of this study is： first of all,to provide new ways and new thinking pattern to enhance the creativity of the employees; secondly,to do a comparative study on the different impact paths of inclusive leadership to their followers; to provide scientific basis to improve the employees＇ creativity and finally to provide the basis of human resource management practice for selection of creative employees.
出处
《管理科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第1期119-130,共12页
Journal of Management Science
基金
中国博士后科学基金(2016M601513)
国家自然科学基金(71502141)~~
关键词
包容型领导
下属创造力
团队心理安全感
下属依赖
下属认知依赖
下属动机依赖
inclusive leadership
followers＇ creativity
team psychological safety
follower＇ dependency
follower＇ cognitive dependency
followers＇ motivational dependency
作者简介
古银华，管理学博士，成都理工大学管理科学学院副教授、复旦大学管理学院博士后，研究方向为领导一下属关系等，代表性学术成果为“包容型领导对员工创新行为的影响——一个被调节的中介模型”，发表在2016年第4期《经济管理》，E—mail：yhgu@fudan．edu．cn
卿涛，西南财经大学工商管理学院教授，研究方向为战略人力资源管理等，代表性学术成果为“企业知识员工工作生活质量结构及测度研究”，发表在2010年第1期《南开管理评论》，E—mail：qjngtao@swufe．edu．cn
杨付，管理学博士，西南财经大学工商管理学院副教授，研究方向为组织行为与人力资源管理等，代表性学术成果为“精神型领导、战略共识与员工职业发展：战略柔性的调节作用”，发表在2014年第10期《管理世界》，E—mail：yfu@swufe．edu．cn
张征，管理学博士，山西财经大学工商管理学院讲师，研究方向为人力资源管理等，代表性学术成果为“家族参与管理、所有者年龄与企业绩效——基于中国非上市家族企业的实证研究”，发表在2015年第5期《软科学》，E—mail：zhangzheng@sxufe．edu．cn
