摘要
学术创业是影响区域创新发展和创新成果转移转化的重要机制,是颠覆性创新的重要来源。学术创业得到了学界和产业界的广泛关注,相关研究已经成为科技创新研究领域的热点问题。作为对既有学术创业研究和传统定性综述的补充,基于Web of Science数据库和中国知网数据库,采用Citespace可视化科学工具,运用文献计量方法和知识图谱分析对1990至2019年国内外学术创业主题相关的中英文文献进行了可视化分析,梳理了近三十年来国内外学术创业领域文献的国家分布、机构分布、作者分布以及关键词聚类等基本研究现状,归纳了该领域的国内外研究发展阶段和未来研究的热点趋势,为提高我国高校和科研院所科技成果转化提供借鉴,为推动学术创业理论研究和具体实践取得进展提供了参考方向。
Academic entrepreneurship is an important mechanism which affects the development of regional innovation and the transformation of innovation achievements.It is also an important source of disruptive innovation.In recent years,research on academic entrepreneurship has received extensive attention from academia and industry.Related research has become a hot issue in the field of scientific and technological innovation research.Although there have been studies on academic entrepreneurship from multiple levels,such as individual level,university level and context level,most of them are quantitative empirical analysis or case studies.Besides,the existing domestic studies on academic entrepreneurship analysis and literature review are obviously insufficient.Related papers either focus on foreign research development or only focus on domestic research,but up to now there is still few article to systematically compare and summarize the research and achievements related to academic entrepreneurship at home and abroad.The aim of this study is to delineating the basic research status of domestic and international literatures on academic entrepreneurship in the past 30 years,including national distribution,insititute distribution,author distribution and keyword clustering,and to summarize the research development stage and future research trends in this field,which provides suggestions for the improvement of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities and research institutes,meanwhile,future directions of theoretical research in academic entrepreneurship and practical implications are given.As a supplement to the existing academic entrepreneurship research and traditional qualitative review,this article is based on academic entrepreneurship related articles published on Web of Science database and the CNKI database between 1990 and 2019 through Citespace software and bibliometric analysis.This paper finally got the following conclusions.First,academic entrepreneurship research started earlier in foreign countries,nearly 10 years earlier than domestic ones.At present,this research field has formed a number of core research groups centered on European and American scholars with deep and broad cooperation.However,the domestic related research started late and the research subjects are scattered with a lack of continuity and depth.The core research team has not been formed so far.It is both an opportunity and challenge for domestic scholars to catch up.Second,foreign research is more systematic and rich using various research methods and theories,including research at different levels,such as the development of spin-off companies and regional economies,the influence of academic entrepreneurs and teams,the influence of entrepreneurial university,and the dynamic development of spin-off companies.However,domestic research mainly explores the impact of the relationship between parent universities and spin-off companies on the development of spin-offs from resource-based view.At the same time,it pays attention on how to improve the entrepreneurial education and build an entrepreneurial university.Foreign articles studied the intellectual property,college incentive policies,and the characteristics of the technology transfer office(TTOs)on the creation of spin-offs and the development of spin-offs very sufficiently,but there is still a big gap with foreign research in this regard.Thirdly,at present,domestic academic entrepreneurship research is still in the stage of digesting foreign research,but overall,there is a large potential in academic entrepreneurship research and theoretical research gaps.We also divide the related research into three stages through literature review.Future research needs to focus on the impact of entrepreneurial universities on China’s economic and social development,and how to build an institutional environment that promotes the sustainable development of entrepreneurial universities.In the future,this field also calls for more systematic research,especially from the perspective of entrepreneurial ecosystem,taking all kinds of factors into consideration.Research should focus on how spin-off companies cultivate their competitiveness at different stages,and what intangible and tangible resources are needed for the spin-offs’development from the process perspective.At individual level,exploring from the social cognition level of academic entrepreneurs will be a very promising research direction.Finally,research on emerging economies context is insufficient and worth studying to examine the validity of theories and conclusions from developed economy.
作者
丁雪辰
柳卸林
DING Xuechen;LIU Xielin(School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)
出处
《科学学与科学技术管理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期22-41,共20页
Science of Science and Management of S.& T.
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(71932009)
关键词
学术创业
文献特征
知识图谱
热点趋势
academic entrepreneurship
literature characteristics
knowledge map
research trending
作者简介
第一作者简介:丁雪辰(1992—),女,甘肃平凉,中国科学院大学经济与管理学院博士生,研究方向:技术创新管理、数字创新;通信作者:柳卸林,liuxielin@ucas.ac.cn
