摘要
文章认为引入收入流动性以后,传统的"经济增长—收入分配"替代论的分析框架将会被拓展为"经济增长—收入差距—收入流动—收入平等"的新框架;新框架的实质在于强调经济发展和收入分配过程中的机会均等,特别是强调公民的教育机会与基本医疗和健康机会的公平,这不仅有利于提升经济社会发展的内在效率,而且还可以通过促进收入流动来缓解收入差距过大所带来的社会冲突与压力。文章在此理论分析基础上,基于1989-2006年CHNS的数据,计算了中国居民相对和绝对收入流动性的大小、方向,并将绝对收入流动性分解为增长和转移部分,并进一步探讨了收入流动性与长期不平等之间的关系。结果表明,收入流动受宏观经济景气度、长期经济增长趋势及收入分配制度的影响,中国通过推动经济增长和收入增长而引发收入流动的时期主要发生在20世纪90年代,2000年以后收入流动效应在很大程度上取决于既定的收入分配格局和制度安排,以及分配政策在不同收入阶层中调整、转移和再分配的结果,收入增长引起的收入流动效应相对弱化。文章最后提出了改善收入流动性的政策建议,如完善市场经济、协调城乡和区域发展、发挥公共政策的正外部性、调整国民收入分配格局等。
This paper argues that after the introduction of income mobility,traditional research frame of the substitution relationship between economic growth and income distribution will be expanded to a fresh one,namely ＂from economic growth to income gap then to income mobility and to income equality＂.The essence of the new framework lies in the emphasis on economic development and opportunity equality in income distribution,especially the emphasis on the equality in education and basic health care,which not only is beneficial to the rise in inner efficiency of social and economic development,but also alleviates social conflicts and pressures resulting from greater income gap through the advancement of income mobility.Based on theoretical analysis,this paper calculates the extent and direction of relative and absolute income mobility by using the CHNS income data from 1989 to 2006,and decomposes absolute income mobility into the increment part and the transfer part.And it further discusses the relationship between income mobility and long-term inequality.It comes to the conclusions as follows：firstly,macroeconomics prosperities,long-term economic growth trend and different income distribution policies have great effects on the income mobility;secondly,income mobility occurred mainly in1990 sthrough the promotion of economic growth and income increase in China;thirdly,after2000,income mobility has been influenced more by the existing income distribution pattern institutional arrangement,and the outcomes of adjustment,transfer and re-distribution of distribution policies among different income classes,and income mobility resulting from income increase weakens.Last but not least,it puts forward some policy suggestions about the improvement of income mobility such as（1）to perfect socialism market economy,（2）to coordinate urban-rural and region development,（3）to exert the positive externality of public polices and（4）to adjust national income distribution pattern.
出处
《上海财经大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第2期4-19,113,共16页
Journal of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics
关键词
相对收入流动性
绝对收入流动性
收入不平等
城镇
农村
relative income mobility
absolute income mobility
income inequality
urban area
rural area
作者简介
权衡（1968-），男，甘肃宁县人，上海社会科学院世界经济研究所研究员、博士。
