摘要
从中国思想史的角度对圣人概念作一观念史考察,颇有意义。上古时代圣人概念的原本意思是指聪明睿智之人,然在春秋战国时代,圣人概念具有了双重涵义:既指道德上的完美人格,又指政治上的杰出人物。战国以降,孔子被圣人化,并表现出圣人神圣化之趋向。及至宋明时代,在"圣人可学而至"的思想口号的广泛影响下,圣人之学及圣人之道成了儒家文化的象征,儒学也就成了成圣之学。及至阳明心学的时代,满街都是圣人的观点导致了圣人的彻底内在化,圣人成了人心良知的象征符号而不再神秘,并开始走向世俗化。在这一思想演变的历程中,儒家圣人观所蕴含的"超凡入圣"如何可能之问题亦值得省思。
It is of great significance to examine the concept of ＂sage＂ from the perspective of Chinese ideological history. In the ancient times, the concept had originally referred to those who had intellectual virtues. In the period of Spring and Autumn and Warring States, however, it had dual meaning： perfect moral personality and outstanding political figures. Since the time of Warring States when Confucius was made a sage, there came the trend of sacralizing sages. In the Song and Ming dynasties, under the widespread influence of the ideological slogan of ＂learning can help to become a sage＂, the Learning and the Tao of sages became a symbol for Confucian culture, and Confucianism turned out to be a learning of becoming a sage. And to the time of Yangming Xin Xue, the dominance of sages＇ viewpoints in the society led to the internalization of the concept, and sages be- came a secularized symbolic sign of human mind and conscience, rather than a mystic one. Such an ideological evolution of the concept deserves our reflection on the issue of how ＂an unconventional sage＂ embedded in Confucian values can be possible.
出处
《杭州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第4期13-25,共13页
Journal of Hangzhou Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)
基金
复旦大学"985工程"三期人文学科研究重大项目"全球化视野下的中国儒学研究--海外与本土儒学研究的交错与展望"(2011RWXKZD010)的研究成果
关键词
圣人
圣王
孔子
孟子
王阳明
超凡入圣
sage
sage-king
Confucius
Mencius
Wang Yangming
unconventional sage
作者简介
吴震（1957-），男，江苏丹阳人，复旦大学哲学学院教授、博士生导师，京都大学文学博士。
