摘要
目的 探讨小于胎龄儿（SGA）的高危因素及围产期并发症。方法应用病例对照方法回顾性分析西安交通大学医学院新生儿科2011年1月至12月间的小于胎龄儿140例和适于胎龄儿140例临床资料，采用SPSS13．0统计软件进行SGA危险因素及并发症分析。结果SGA发病率6．69％，男女发病率无显著性差异（P=0．17〉0．05）。通过对22个单因素分析发现羊水量少、脐带异常、孕母妊娠高血压疾病、既往不良产史、父亲吸烟情况及母亲职业等6个因素有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。通过对以上因素进行Logistic回归分析，发现妊娠期高血压疾病（X2=23．781，P〈0．001）、羊水量少（P=0．003）、脐带异常（P=0．019）和母亲职业（P=0．013）是sGA的独立危险因素。SGA组各种围产期并发症发生率均高于AGA组，在高胆红素血症（P=0．046）、胎粪排出延迟（P=0．002）、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（P=0．010）、呼吸暂停（P=0．032）方面有统计学差异。结论妊娠期高血压疾病、羊水量、脐带异常和母亲职业是SGA的高危因素。新生儿高胆红素血症、胎粪排出延迟、新生儿窒息和新生儿呼吸窘迫综合症是SGA常见的并发症。
Objective To explore the high risk factors and perinatal complications of small for gestational age （SGA）. Methods Case control study was used to retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 140 cases of SGA and 140 appropriate gestational age （AGA） admitted to neonatal department in First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi＇ an Jiaotong University from January to December 2011 with SPSS 13.0 statistic software. Results The incidence of SGA was 6.69%, and there was no significant difference between males and females （P = 0.17 〉 0.05）. The analysis of 22 single risk factors of SGA revealed that 6 factors had statistical significance （ P 〈 0.05 ）, including oligohydramnios, abnormality of umbilical cord, hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy （HDCP）, history of abnormal pregnancy, father smoking and mother＇s occupation. Logistic regression analysis of the above factors indicated that HDCP （X2 -23. 781, P 〈 0.001 ）, oligohydramnios （ P=0.003 ）, abnormality of umbilical cord （ P = 0.019 ） and mother＇ s occupation （ P = 0.013 ） were separate risk factors for SGA. The incidence rates of all perinatal complications in SGA group were higher than in AGA group, and there were statistical differences in hyperbilirubinemia （ P = 0. 046 ）, meconium discharge delay （ P = 0. 002 ）, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome （P =0. 010）and apnea （P = 0. 032） between two groups. Conclusion HDCP, oligohydramnios, abnormality of umbilical cord and mother＇s occupation are the high risk factors of SGA. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, meconium discharge delay, neonatal asphyxia and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome are common complications of SGA.
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2013年第1期49-52,共4页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
关键词
小于胎龄儿
新生儿
危险因素
并发症
small for gestational age （SGA）
newborn
risk factors
complication
作者简介
林晓洁（1981-），女，住院医师，在读硕士研究生，主要从事新生儿科专业。
[通讯作者]刘俐，教授。
