摘要
荔枝收获完毕后在广西壮族自治区及福建省荔枝主产区采集210个荔枝园土壤样本,检测了甲霜灵、代森锰锌、多菌灵、溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、三氟氯氰菊酯、敌百虫、乐果和敌敌畏等9种荔枝常用农药的含量。结果显示,多菌灵是广西和福建荔枝园土壤最常检出的农药,检出率分别为48.1%和84.0%。广西荔枝产区土壤代森锰锌、敌百虫和乐果均未检出,其他5种农药检出率均低于10%。福建荔枝产区甲霜灵和氯氰菊酯检出率均为24.0%,其他6种农药均未检出。广西荔枝产区土壤未检出或只检出1种农药荔枝园分别占采样荔枝园的48.6%和38.4%,福建荔枝产区分别占56.0%和8.0%;检出2种农药的广西荔枝园占11.4%,福建占32.0%。广西荔枝园土壤平均含量最高的农药为氯氰菊酯(5.0μg.kg-1),敌敌畏次之(1.9μg.kg-1),其他4种检出农药不超过1.0μg.kg-1。福建荔枝园土壤平均含量为多菌灵(0.77μg.kg-1)>甲霜灵(0.65μg.kg-1)>氯氰菊酯(0.48μg.kg-1)。虽然福建荔枝园土壤农药残留比广西普遍,但两地荔枝园土壤农药残留仍属轻微。
Litchi,a famous（sub）tropical fruit,originated in South China.After Guangdong Province,Guangxi is the second largest litchi production base,and Fujian is also another main litchi production base in China.The state of pesticide residue in litchi fruit has been of great concern to researcher and consumers.In fact,the state of pesticide residue in litchi orchard soils has been related to the quality and safety of litchi fruit.This work therefore investigated the state of common pesticide residues in Guangxi and Fujian litchi orchards to guide safe production of the crop in these regions.A total of 210 soil samples were collected in litchi orchards in Guangxi and Fujian after harvest.The samples were analyzed for commonly used pesticides,including metalaxyl,mancozeb,carbendazim,deltamethrin,cypermethrin,cyhalothrin,dipterex,dimethoate and dichlorvos.Based on the results,carbendazim was the most fre-quently detectable pesticide in litchi orchards in both Guangxi and Fujian.The detection rates of carbendazim in Guangxi and Fujian litchi orchard soils were 48.1% and 84.0%,respectively.While mancozeb,dipterex and dimethoate were not detected in Guangxi orchard soils,the detection rates of the other five pesticides were less than 10%.Metalaxyl and cypermethrin were observed in 24.0% of the soil samples from Fujian orchards.The other six pesticides were at least not detectable.Litchi orchards numbered with zero or one detectable pesticide accounted for 48.6% and 38.4% of the total litchi orchards in Guangxi,and 56.0% and 8.0% in Fujian,re-spectively.Litchi orchards with two detectable pesticides accounted for 11.4% and 32.0% of the total investigated litchi orchards in Guangxi and Fujian respectively.The pesticide with the highest mean concentration in orchard fields of Guangxi was cypemethrin（5.0 g·kg 1）,followed by dichlorvos（1.9 g·kg 1）.The concentrations of the other detectable pesticides were less than 1.0 g·kg 1.The ranked order of average detectable pesticides was carbendazim（0.77 g·kg 1） metalaxyl（0.65 g·kg 1） cypermethrin（0.48 g·kg 1） in Fujian.Although higher concentrations and detection rates of pesticides were detected in Fujian,the state of pesticide residues in both Fujian and Guangxi was still minimal.Hence,soil pesticide residues in litchi orchards posed no harm to litchi quality in both Guangxi and Fujian.
出处
《中国生态农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期907-911,共5页
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(nycytx-32)资助
关键词
荔枝
土壤
农药残留
广西
福建
Litchi
Orchard soil
Pesticide residue
Guangxi
Fujian
作者简介
姚丽贤（1971-），女，研究员，主要从事施肥与农业生态环境关系研究。E-mail：lyaolx@yahoo．com．cn
