摘要
2002年在内蒙古桑根达莱淖尔进行了卤虫养殖实验,研究了3个卤虫培育池的浮游生物、初级生产力、水化学因子、限制性营养盐及卤虫的生长,并探讨了各种生态因子与浮游植物、卤虫生长的关系。结果表明:实验期间共发现浮游生物27种(或属),其中浮游植物17种(或属),浮游动物10种(或属)。1#、2#、3#池的浮游植物平均生物量分别为2.41mg/L、1.72mg/L、1.31mg/L,蓝藻门和绿藻门占优势,优势种为小席藻、线形粘杆藻、小颤藻、普通小球藻、椭圆小球藻;浮游动物的平均生物量分别为24.47mg/L、22.04mg/L、19.27mg/L,轮虫占优势,优势种为褶皱臂尾轮虫、变异臂尾轮虫。盐度、pH、Cl-、Na++K+、HCO3-、CO32-、ALK、总氮、总磷呈上升趋势,特别是Cl-、Na++K+实验前后相差3000mg/L以上;SO42-呈下降趋势;TH、Ca2+、Mg2+无明显变化规律,实验前后基本平衡。温度、pH、溶解氧(DO)的昼夜变化明显,其昼夜差分别在10℃、0.5、1mg/L左右。从限制性营养盐来看属于磷限制,初级生产力极低,P/R系数>1.5。
Experiments were conducted in 2002 to investigate the relationship of plankton, primary productivity, water-chemistry factors, and restrictive nutrition of culture ponds to the growth, reproduction and survival of Artemia. Three uniform-sized ponds （5m×2m×0.5m depth） were supplied with brackish water mainly from Sangendalaizer lake in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Prior to the present experiment, water samples were collected for determination of water-chemistry factors and nutrient parameters. Meanwhile, 2 kilograms of chicken feces were provided to each pond. Artemia were introduced into the three ponds at densities of 60, 120 and 180 individuals per liter, respectively. During the experiment, 2 kilograms of chicken feces were added to each pond once every 15 days. At the beginning, 25g, 50g and 75g of wheat flour were supplied to Pond 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The amount of wheat flour supplied was respectively increased to 40, 70 and 100g in the midst, and 60, 90 and 120g in the later period of the experiment. Water temperature, salinity, transparency and pH were monitored daily, DO, ALK, TH, the eight main water ions, and the amounts of phytoplankton and zooplankton were determined every 7 days. Total phosphorus and total nitrogen contents were obtained every 6 days. The determination of restrictive nutrient factors proceeded on August 31,2002, and September 9,2002. The results were shown as follows： （1） During the period of the experiment, 27 species of plankton were found, including 17 species of phytoplankton, and 10 species of zooplankton. The average biomasses of Pond 1, 2and 3 were 2. 41 mg/L, 1. 72 mg/L and 1. 31 mg/L, respectively. The dominant phytoplanktons were Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta, consisting of Phormidium tenus （Menegh.） Gom, Gloeothece linearis Nag, Oscillatoria tenuis Ag, Chlorella vulgaris Beij and Chlorella ellipsoidea Gren. The average biomasses of zooplankton at the three ponds were 24.47 mg/L, 22.04 mg/L and 19.27 mg/L, respectively. Rotifers, mainly Brachionus plicatilis and B. variabilis, were the dominant zooplankton. （2） Salinity, pH, Cl^-, Na^＋＋K^＋ , HCO3^-, CO3^2-, ALK, TN and TP increased over the time, especially for Cl^- and Na^＋ ＋K^＋, which increased by more than 3000 mg/L, compared with the values prior to the experiment. SO4^2- declined over the time. TH, Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋ showed no significant change during the experiment. （3） Temperature, pH and DO showed significant diurnal rhythm during the experiment, whose differences between daytime and night were 10 C, 0.5 and 1 mg/L, respectively. （4） Phosphorous was the first restrictive nutritive factor. （5） Primary productivity at the three ponds was very low. The gross oxygen production of phytoplankton in each of the three ponds was 0.21 g/（m^2 · d）, 0.24 g/（m^2 · d）, 0.17 g/（m^2 · d）, respectively, and net oxygen production of phytoplankton at the three ponds was 0.10 g/（m^2 · d）, 0.16 g/（m^2 · d）, 0.05 g/（m^2 · d）, respectively. The oxygen consumption of water-breathing was 0.11 g/m^2 · d, 0.13 g/（m^2 · d）, 0.11 g/（m^2 · d）, respectively. The P： R ratio exceeded 1.5.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第9期2243-2248,共6页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家地质调查资助项目(DKD2101027-7)~~
作者简介
吕光俊（1972-），男，四川南江人，硕士、讲师，主要从事养殖水域生态学研究。E-mail：gjlv66@163．com
通讯作者 Author for correspondence．E-mail：zhaowen@dlfu．edu．cn
