摘要
为探究樱桃对干旱胁迫的适应性反应机制和其生长需水规律,在日光温室内采用盆栽的方法对樱桃品种为'红灯'的实生苗进行干旱胁迫试验,研究不同干旱胁迫时间(分别持续干旱0d、10d、20d、30d和40d)对樱桃根际土壤微生物、 土壤酶、 光合特性及SPAD值的影响.结果表明:随着干旱时间的增加,根际土壤细菌数量、 放线菌数量、 蔗糖酶和脲酶活性呈现单峰变化规律,其中细菌在干旱20d时数量最多,蔗糖酶和脲酶在干旱10d时活性最高;真菌数量逐渐降低,磷酸酶活性表现出减弱趋势.3大功能微生物数量从高到低依次为细菌、 放线菌和真菌;叶片净光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率和SPAD值均以干旱10d时最大,胞间CO2浓度在干旱40d时值最大.SPAD值与干旱时间呈极显著指数负相关关系,其拟合方程为y=54.583e-0.005x.研究认为,土壤含水量保持在76.35%-61.83%(干旱10-20d)范围内,既利于节水灌溉又可使樱桃幼苗保持健壮生长.
In order to explore the adaptive response mechanism of cherry(Cerasus pseudocerasus G.Don)to drought stress and the rule of water requirement for its growth,potted experiments were conducted in a greenhouse to study the effects of drought stress duration(0d,10d,20d,30d and 40d respectively)on soil microorganisms,soil enzymes,photosynthetic characteristics and SPAD values in cherry rhizosphere.It was found out that the number of bacteria,actinomycetes,the activity of invertase and urease in rhizosphere soil showed a single peak change with the increase of drought time.Among them,the number of bacteria was the largest at 20 days of drought,and the activity of invertase and urease was the highest at 10 days of drought.The number of fungi gradually decreased,and the phosphatase activity showed a decreasing trend.Bacteria,actinomycetes and fungi were three major functional microorganisms in order from high to low.Leaf net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and SPAD value were the highest at 10 days of drought,and intercellular CO2 concentration was the highest at 40 days of drought.The SPAD value was negatively correlated with the drought time,and the fitting equation was y=54.583e-0.005x.The results showed that water-saving irrigation and healthy growth of cherry seedlings could be achieved by keeping soil moisture in the range of 76.35%-61.83%(10-20days of drought).
作者
秦永梅
杨慧
李杰
李文广
侯烨
QIN Yong-mei;YANG Hui;LI Jie;LI Wen-guang;HOU Ye(Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University,Jinan Shandong 250100,P.R.China)
出处
《西部林业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第4期44-49,共6页
Journal of West China Forestry Science
基金
山东省2018年度农业重大应用技术创新项目“农业废弃物生产食用菌关键技术及高效循环利用模式研究与示范”
关键词
干旱
樱桃
微生物
土壤酶
光合特性
SPAD
drought
Cerasus pseudocerasus G.Don
microorganism
soil enzyme
photosynthetic characteristics
SPAD
作者简介
第一作者简介:秦永梅(1980-),女,讲师,硕士,主要从事作物遗传与育种教学和研究。E-mail:qymwxy@sohu.com
