摘要
关于插入语"谁知道",学界普遍认为它已经发展为反预期标记.而文章则进一步在预期分类的基础上,参考"语义-语用"界面等理论,系统地考察"谁知道"的反预期用法,结论认为:反类指预期标记和反个别预期标记在预期触发、语义框架以及语用功能方面存在差异.其中,语义框架的不同是区分两种用法的关键因素,具体表现为:反个别预期标记"谁知道"在因果违逆的框架下被规约为转折标记,同时该语义框架也作为一种悖反方式加强了主体的意外性,这时的"谁知道"属于"语义-语用"界面;而反类指预期标记"谁知道"在"原型-特例"的框架中实现为意外标记,属于语用层面,其意外程度在对比悖反的情况下弱于前者.
The parenthetic phraseshui zhidaois generally believed to have developed into an anti-expectation marker.Based on the theory of semanticpragmatic interface,this paper systematically examines the anti-expectation use ofshui zhidaoand concludes that there are differences between markers of antigeneric-expectation and anti-specific-expectation in terms of the expected triggers,the semantic frameworks and the pragmatic functions.In particular,the difference in the semantic frameworks is the key factor to distinguish the two usages.The anti-specific-expectation use ofshui zhidaois conventionalized as a marker of concession within the framework of anti-causality,which strengthens the meaning of unexpectedness.In this sense,such use targes the semantic-pragmatic interface.The anti-generic expectation use of the phrase,however,is realized within the framework of prototypes and special cases;thus,it targets the level of pragmatics and the degree of unexpectedness is weaker as compared with the other use.
作者
白凌云
孙道功
Bai Lingyun;Sun Daogong
出处
《语言研究集刊》
2022年第2期176-191,共16页
Bulletin of Linguistic Studies
基金
国家社科基金项目现代汉语“句法—语义”接口的语用制约研究(项目编号20BYY168)
教育部人文社科基金“基于语义知识库的名核结构‘句法—语义’接口研究”(项目编号19YJA740048)
江苏省社科基金“词汇—句法语义”链接知识库的开发与应用研究(项目编号19YYB008)的资助
关键词
谁知道
历时考察
预期类型
语义框架
语用功能
shui zhidao
diachronic investigation
expectation type
semantic framework
pragmatic function
作者简介
白凌云,1355963235@qq.com;孙道功,sundg9527@hotmail.com
