摘要
环境、出口和创新是当下中国经济发展的热点问题。然而,研究三者综合关系的"波特假说"并未取得一致结论。本文利用2005—2013年中国工业企业数据和中国企业专利数据,在识别行政命令型、市场激励型和公众自主参与型三种环境规制政策的基础上,对环境规制、企业创新和出口行为关系进行了经验分析,对三类"波特假说"进行系统检验,即检验环境规制是否可以促进企业创新?何种类型的环境规制能更加有效地促进企业创新?环境规制是否可以通过促进企业创新间接促进企业出口,达到优化环境和发展贸易的双赢目标?研究发现,"弱波特假说"在行政命令型与公众自主参与型环境规制上成立;对于市场激励型环境规制则未能检验出"弱波特假说";三种类型环境规制都体现出与企业创新的非线性关系,因此认为"狭义波特假说"成立;在行政命令型与公众自主参与型环境规制下可以通过倒逼企业创新来提升企业出口竞争力,即"强波特假说"成立。本文的结论为制定更加科学合理的环境保护政策以实现环境与出口贸易双赢提供参考建议。
Environment,exports and innovation are hot issues in China’s economic development now.However,Porter Hypothesis,which studies the comprehensive relationship among the three,does not give a consistent conclusion.Based on Chinese industrial enterprise data and Chinese enterprise patent data from 2005 to 2013,this paper made an empirical analysis of the relationship among environmental regulation,enterprise innovation and export behavior under the three environmental regulation policies of administration,market and public participation.Moreover,this paper systematically tested three kinds of Porter Hypothesis.Whether environmental regulation can promote enterprise innovation?What kind of environmental regulation can promote enterprise innovation more effectively?Can environmental regulation indirectly promote enterprise export by promoting enterprise innovation to achieve the win-win goal of optimizing environment and developing trade?This study shows the following results.Firstly,the"weak Porter Hypothesis"is true under the administrative and public participation environmental regulation,while the"weak Porter Hypothesis"fails under the market environmental regulation.Secondly,all three types of environmental regulations reflect the non-linear relationship with enterprise innovation,which shows that the"narrow Porter Hypothesis"holds.Thirdly,under the administrative and public participation environment regulation,enterprises can enhance their export competitiveness by forcing enterprises to innovate,which proves that the"strong Porter Hypothesis"is valid.Furthermore,the conclusion of this paper provides reference suggestions for formulating more scientific and rational environmental protection policies in order to achieve win-win situation between environment and export trade.
作者
康志勇
汤学良
刘馨
KANG Zhiyong;TANG Xueliang;LIU Xin
出处
《国际贸易问题》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期125-141,共17页
Journal of International Trade
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“中国政府创新补贴的绩效研究”(15YJC790039)
江苏省社会科学基金项目“基于市场竞争与政府补贴协同视角的企业创新绩效评价研究”(17EYB009).
关键词
环境规制
波特假说
企业创新
出口
Environmental Regulation
Porter Hypothesis
Enterprise Innovation
Export
作者简介
康志勇:扬州大学商学院副教授;通讯作者:汤学良:扬州大学商学院讲师,电子邮箱:tang_xue_liang@126.com;刘馨:扬州大学商学院讲师。
