摘要
我国所有权保留买卖的担保构造因取回权和回赎权的制度安排而呈现占有控制和变价清算的“双层效力”。《民法典》第642条第2款确立了保留所有权出卖人在与买受人协商失败时可参照适用担保物权的实现程序行使取回权的规则,但鉴于实现担保物权案件适用特别程序的前提在于非诉性,必须重新审视《民法典》第642条第1款的规定,从取回权行使与担保物权实现程序的类似性证成出卖人行使取回权案件的非讼性质。参照适用规则过于注重便捷性,可能会导致《民法典》第643条规定的买受人回赎权的落空,为了避免这一利益失衡,出卖人取回权行使对“担保物权的实现程序”的参照在适用结果上不包括变价清算,仅在于使出卖人重新实现对标的物的占有,而对于管辖、申请、审查、异议、问询、程序转换等规定则可进行参照适用。
Due to the institutional arrangement of the rights of reclamation and redemption,the security structure of the sale by retention of title in China presents the“double effects”,i,e.control of possession and liquidation.Article 642,section 2 of the Civil Code establishes the rule that a retention-of-title seller may exercise the right of repossession by reference to the procedures for the realization of security rights in the event of failure of negotiation with the buyer.However,considering that the premise for the application of special procedures in cases of realization of security interests is non-contentious,it is necessary to re-examine the provision of article 642,section 1and justify the non-contentious nature of the case where the seller exercises the right of reclamation based on the similarity between the exercise of the right to reclamation and the realization of security interests.In addition,the applicable rules by reference places too much emphasis on convenience,which may lead to the failure of the buyer's right of redemption stipulated in article 643.In order to avoid this imbalance of interests,the reference effect of the seller's right to reclamation does not include liquidation,but only aims to enable the seller to regain possession of the subject matter.Regulations on jurisdiction,application,review,objection,inquiry,and procedural conversion can be applied by reference.
出处
《法学杂志》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第4期105-118,共14页
Law Science Magazine
关键词
所有权保留
取回权
回赎权
特别程序
参照适用
retention of title
right of reclamation
right of redemption
special procedure:application by reference
作者简介
李昊(1977—),男,汉族,山西晋城人,中南财经政法大学教授、博士生导师。
