摘要
合理的水价能够在保障供水效率的同时起到节约水资源与防治水污染的作用,使水资源发挥最大的经济、社会和环境效益。为了研究我国城市水价变动和宏观经济指标之间的数量关系,本文首先建立了一个包含水价供给和需求因素的理论模型,分析宏观经济因素影响水价变动的机制;然后,利用全国直辖市及省会城市的水价为样本,实证分析了水价和宏观经济因素之间的数量关联关系。实证结果表明,我国城市水价的重要影响因素主要包括人均实际GDP、常住人口、第二产业增加值比重、CPI,各个因素对于水价都有正向的显著影响。除了少数地区外,模型整体适用性较好。本文的研究结论有利于深入认识城市水价的主要影响因素,并对各城市供水定调价实践提供了参考依据。同时,也为构建公共事业定价的理论框架、指导公共事业服务价格的合理调整以及改革提供了理论借鉴和方法支持。
Reasonable water price can play a role in saving water resources and preventing water pollution while ensuring water supply efficiency,enabling water resources to maximize economic,social and environmental benefits.In order to study the quantitative relationship between changes in urban water price and macroeconomic indicators in China,this paper first establishes a theoretical model that includes factors of water price supply and demand,and analyzes the mechanism by which macroeconomic factors affect changes in water prices;Then,this article uses water prices from municipalities directly under the central government and provincial capital cities as samples to empirically analyze the quantitative correlation between water prices and macroeconomic factors.The empirical results indicate that the important influencing factors of urban water prices in China mainly include per capita real GDP,permanent population,the proportion of added value in the secondary industry,and CPI,all of which have a significant positive impact on water prices.Except for a few regions,the overall applicability of the model is reasonable.The research conclusion of this article is conducive to a deeper understanding of the main influencing factors of urban water prices,and provides a reference basis for the practice of water supply pricing in various cities.At the same time,it also provides theoretical reference and methodological support for constructing a theoretical framework for pricing public utilities,guiding the reasonable adjustments and reforms of public service prices.
作者
娄峰
程远
LOU Feng;CHENG Yuan
出处
《价格理论与实践》
北大核心
2024年第3期36-43,共8页
Price:Theory & Practice
基金
国家社科基金重点项目“财政货币政策对居民收入作用机理与效应研究”(批准号:23AJY021)
“中国社会科学院经济大数据与政策评估实验室”资助
关键词
城市水价
国民经济指标
宏观经济影响因素
定价模拟
urban water price
national economic indicators
macroeconomic influencing factors
pricing simulation
作者简介
娄峰(1975-),男,汉族,安徽临泉人,对外经济贸易大学经济学博士,中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所研究员,研究室主任。研究方向:宏观经济预测与政策模拟分析;程远(1987-),男,汉族,河北邯郸人,南开大学经济学博士,中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所副研究员。研究方向:宏观经济学、货币经济学、一般均衡分析。
