摘要
本文基于中国1985—2019年的专利数据,构建了街道尺度上的引用配对空间数据集,尝试识别行政壁垒所导致的知识溢出“边界效应”。研究发现,在控制了其他条件后,从属于不同区县、城市以及省份的街道,其相互间的专利引用显著受到抑制,结论经过系列稳健性检验后依然成立。进一步分析发现,知识溢出的“边界效应”随着时间推移呈现先升后降的倒U型趋势,且表现出显著的空间异质性。此外,地区间文化距离的增加会加剧行政壁垒导致的知识溢出阻隔;而修建高铁和“撤县设区”政策则能够显著降低“边界效应”,说明文化差异、交通基础设施以及地方保护是引致“边界效应”的重要因素。本文为加快构建全国统一大市场提供了有益的启示和借鉴。
In April 2022,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Opinions on Accelerating the Development of a Unified National Market,which states that it is necessary to“establish a unified market system and rules,break down local protection and market segmentation,break through key blocking points in the economic cycle,promote the smooth flow of commodity factors and resources,and build a unified national market that is efficient,standardized,competitive and fully open.”Since the 18th CPC National Congress,the state has introduced a series of policies and measures on the construction of metropolitan areas,the integration of urban agglomerations and the coordinated development of regions,which have made great progress and remarkable results in breaking administrative barriers and promoting the construction of a unified national market.However,it is undeniable that China’s current regional administrative barriers and domestic market segmentation is still widespread.Administrative barriers are highlighted by various restrictions on the cross-regional flow of commodities,capital,labor,technology and other factors set by local governments to protect regional interests in the“competition for growth”.Moreover,the adverse effects of administrative barriers on knowledge flow should also be paid attention to.The cross-regional flow of knowledge is an important source to promote knowledge spillover and promote technological innovation.However,the flow of knowledge may be severely hindered by administrative barriers.In this context,the following practical questions deserve further consideration:Is there a border effect in knowledge spillover between regions in China?How strong is it?What is the evolution trend of the border effect of knowledge spillover?What is the underlying mechanism?The marginal contribution of this paper is as follows.First,through the rational and comprehensive empirical analysis,this paper directly identifies and measures the effect of administrative barriers of knowledge spillover across China,so as to provide scientific empirical basis for the formulation of regional innovation promotion policies in China.Second,it closely combines with the current special regional development situation in China.From the perspective of culture,transportation and urban agglomeration integration policy,this paper constructs a mechanism analysis framework suitable for China’s reality,and makes a detailed analysis of the evolution of administrative barriers and their influencing factors,which provides beneficial policy implications for promoting the construction of domestic unified market with knowledge flow as the core.From the main perspective of knowledge spillover,and through the invention patent citation pairing between Chinese sub-districts,this paper captures the border effect of knowledge spillover caused by administrative barriers based on the gravity model,and deeply analyzes the spatio-temporal difference and internal mechanism of border effect.We reach the following research results finally.(1)After controlling important influencing factors such as geographical distance,the patent citations between sub-districts belonging to different districts/counties,cities and provincial regions are significantly inhibited,which means that there is an obvious border effect of knowledge spillover.The border effect at the above three levels will cause differences of about 20.06%,8.28%and 1.82%in the average knowledge spillover scale between sub-districts.And this conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests.(2)The border effect of knowledge spillover has distinct spatio-temporal evolution characteristics.With the passage of time,it shows an inverted U-shaped trend of first rising and then falling,which means that China’s border effect has shown signs of gradually weakening in recent years.In addition,the northern region is more affected by the border effect than the southern region,and the central and western regions are more significantly affected by the border effect than the eastern region.These differences in administrative barriers between different regions also provide certain explanations for the current economic differences between the northern and the southern regions and between the eastern and the western regions.(3)Cultural differences,connectivity of transport infrastructure and administrative protection are important mechanisms that affect the inter-regional knowledge spillover of administrative borders.Cultural differences caused by boundaries,localization of transport infrastructure and administrative protection will inhibit the flow of knowledge.At present,China is in the critical period of building a national unified market and facilitating domestic circulation in China.From a long-term perspective,to promote regional economic development and promote regional integrated development,we need to pay close attention to the border effect of knowledge spillover.
作者
刘修岩
王峤
LIU Xiuyan;WANG Qiao(School of Economics and Management,Southeast University;National School of Development and Policy,Southeast University)
出处
《经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第11期84-101,共18页
Economic Research Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目(18AJL011)的资助
关键词
统一大市场
行政边界
知识溢出
边界效应
Unified Market
Administrative Border
Knowledge Spillover
Border Effect
作者简介
刘修岩,电子信箱:lxiuyan320@seu.edu.cn;通讯作者:王峤,电子信箱:wangqiao_seu@163.com。
