摘要
农地“三权分置”为农地与金融融合发展提供了制度保障,缓解了农村地区因抵押品缺乏导致的融资难问题。农地“三权分置”和日益健全的农地流转体系、逐渐完善的农村金融市场体系以及先进的数字信息技术为农地与金融融合发展创造了条件。但我国农地与金融融合发展受到农村信贷供给不足、土地流转期限约束、土地价值评估机制不健全以及担保机制与风险防控缺乏的不利影响。目前我国逐渐形成了农地经营权抵押贷款、农地信用合作社、农地信托、农地融资租赁、土地银行、农地证券等多元化农地金融模式。资金供需双方的参与激励机制、金融风险的防范补偿机制、土地流转与变现的保障机制、土地与资金有效配置的调节机制以及信息交流共享机制构成了农地与金融融合发展的机制。为进一步提升农地与金融融合发展效率,应深化农地产权制度改革;完善土地评估、流转、退出、变现机制;加强农地金融市场建设及风险监管;提高农户农地金融参与意识等。
The“three rights separation”of agricultural land provides institutional guarantes for the integration development of agricultural land and finance,alleviating the problem of financing difficulties in rural areas due to the lack of collateral.The reform of the“three rights separation”of agricultural land,the increasingly complete agricultural land circulation system,the gradual improvement of the rural financial market system,and advanced digital information technology provide the basic conditions for the dev elopment of agricultural land financial integration.However,the integrated development of agricultural land and finance in China is affected by insufficient rural credit supply,constraints on land transfer periods,incomplete mechanisms for land value assessment,and a lack of guarantee mechanisms and risk control.Currently,China has gradually formed diversified models of agricultural land finance,including mortgage loans with operating rights,agricultural land credit cooperatives,agricultural land trusts,agricultural land financing leases,land banks,and agricultural land securities.Incentive mechanisms for the participation of both the supply and demand sides of capital,compensation mechanisms for financial risk prevention,guarantee mechanisms for land transfer and realization,adjustment mec hanisms for the effective allocation of land and capital,and mec hanisms for information exchange and sharing constitute the mechanisms for the integrated development of agricultural land finance.To further improve the efficiency of the integrated dev elopment of agricultural land and finance,it is necessary to deepen the reform of agricultural land property rights,improve mechanisms for land assessment,transfer,exit,and realization,strengthen the construction of the agricultural land finaneial market and risk supervision,and enhance farmers'awareness of participating in agricultural land finance,among other measures.
作者
公茂刚
刘涛
伊珂萱
Gong Maogang;Liu Tao;Yi Kexuan(School of Economics,Shandong University of Technology)
出处
《金融发展评论》
2023年第12期61-79,共19页
Financial Development Review
基金
国家社科基金一般项目(项目编号:20BJY118)
山东省社会科学规划研究重点项目(项目编号:23BJJJ07)
山东省自然科学基金面上项目(项目编号:ZR2020MG045)
山东省高等学校青创科技计划项目(项目编号:2019RWE023)的资助
关键词
“三权分置”
农地金融
融合发展
机制
“Three Rights Separation”
Agricultural Land Finance
Integrated Development
Mechanism
作者简介
通讯作者:公茂刚,经济学博士,教授,山东理工大学经济学院,马克思主义中国化研究中心研究员,Email:gongmaogang@126.com;刘涛,硕士研究生,山东理工大学经济学院;伊珂萱,硕士研究生,山东理工大学经济学院。
