摘要
本文利用"首都大学生成长追踪调查"数据,对中国高考志愿填报方式和录取机制改革对学生与大学匹配模式的影响,以及不同匹配模式对学生的学业表现和就业状况的影响进行了分析。首先,基于各省份不同年份的高考招录政策改革,使用双重差分法估计了不同志愿方案对学生和大学匹配的影响,分析发现高考志愿填报与录取机制改革背景下同一高校录取的学生的特征存在差异;高考志愿填报与录取机制改革对学生与学校的匹配度产生不同的影响:相比于顺序志愿考前报制度,考后估分报和平行志愿改革都显著降低了学生与学校的低匹配(高分低录),并提高了学生与学校的高匹配(低分高录)。进一步使用外生政策改革作为匹配模式的工具变量,两阶段回归结果显示学生与学校的低匹配没有显著影响学业表现,而学生与学校高匹配对学业表现有显著负向影响;学生与学校的低匹配或高匹配会通过影响学生进入的学校或专业类型对毕业后的收入产生负向影响。
Using Beijing College Students Panel Survey(BCSPS),the paper studies how admission policy reform impacts student-college academic mismatch and the causal effects of mismatch on student academic and labor market outcomes.Based on a natural experiment in admission policy reform,we use Difference-in-Differences method to measure the effects of college admissions mechanisms and application timing on academic mismatch.The results indicate the within-university variations of student characteristics under different admission policies;compared to sequential mechanism and ex-ante submission,parallel mechanism and/or ex-post submission,which are less risky and strategic,reduce undermatch-students with relatively high ability but enroll at a relatively low-quality college,and increase students’chances of being admitted to more selective colleges(overmatch).Using these exogenous admissions reforms as instrumental variables,we find that undermatched students do not statistically significantly perform worse than peers in college,but overmatched students perform worse than peers.In addition,both undermatch and overmatch negatively affect labor market outcomes.Heterogeneity in the interaction effects of college and major were found that the undermatch effects are mostly mediated by the difference in college selectivity,while the overmatch effects are likely due to major variations within the college.
作者
王琼琼
丁延庆
李欣
吴晓刚
叶晓阳
WANG Qiong-qiong;DING Yan-qing;LI Xin;WU Xiao-gang;YE Xiao-yang(College of Media and International Culture,Zhejiang University;Graduate School of Education,Peking University;Graduate School of Education&Information Studies,University of California,Los Angeles;Center for Applied Social and Economic Research,NYU Shanghai and Dept of Sociology,New York University;Annenberg Institute for School Reform,Brown University)
出处
《教育经济评论》
CSSCI
2021年第3期38-62,共25页
China Economics of Education Review
基金
国家自然科学基金2016年面上项目“‘教育致贫’与‘教育脱贫’:现状及相关政策评估——基于国家贫困人口建档立卡数据的研究”(71613013)
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地北京大学教育经济研究所2016年度重大项目“经济新常态下的教育扶贫与教育公平研究”(16JJD880001)
关键词
高考志愿方案改革
录取匹配
学业表现
就业状况
admission policy reform
student-college mismatch
academic performance
employment status
作者简介
王琼琼,浙江大学传媒与国际文化学院,电子邮箱地址:wqq92@zju.edu.cn;丁延庆,北京大学教育学院/教育经济研究所,电子邮箱地址:yqding@gse.pku.edu.cn;通讯作者:李欣,美国加州大学洛杉矶分校,电子邮箱地址:lixin1217@g.ulca.edu;吴晓刚,上海纽约大学应用社会经济研究中心、纽约大学社会学系,电子邮箱地址:xw29@nyu.edu;叶晓阳,美国布朗大学,电子邮箱地址:xiaoyang.ye@brown.edu。
