王阳明的良知天道同构论被引量：3

On Wang Yangming’s Theory of the Correspondence between Innate Knowledge and the Heavenly Way

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摘要单纯从善恶的准则和好善恶恶的能力的角度,不足以揭示出王阳明所说良知的完整内涵,因为这只是注意到了良知的功能职责,而未注意到其运作方式。而无论功能职责,还是运作方式,阳明都是在良知与天道具有同构关系的框架中来谈论的。这一同构关系表现在两个方面:一方面,万物先行地内在于良知之中,就像万物内在于天道之中一样,妥善安顿万物构成了良知的根本功能、固有职责;另一方面,万物虽然内在于良知,但又不构成对良知作用的阻碍,一如不构成对天道的阻碍一样,良知本可自然应对不同事务而不必刻意、执着。透过良知与天道的同构关系,我们不仅可以对良知有更全面和深入的理解,而且可以明白阳明对私欲产生的根源的理解,即私欲主要根源于人对生与作为的习染,以至于使生与死、作与息等原本平衡的因素失衡。 Wang Yangming's concept of innate knowledge cannot be sufficiently explained on the basis of mere ethical principles and the ability to love the good and hate the evil,as these reflect only the moral capacities of innate knowledge,not its manner of operation.However,in both capacity and operation,Wang Yangming discussed innate knowledge as on a par with the Heavenly Way.The two can be considered isomorphic.Their correspondence is shown in two respects.On the one hand,the myriad things are inherently contained within innate knowledge,just as they are contained within the Heavenly Way.In this sense,the fundamental capacity or intrinsic morality of innate knowledge is to properly arrange the myriad things.On the other hand,the innate knowledge of the myriad things does not interfere with the capacity of the innate knowledge,even though they are intrinsically arranged,just as they cannot interfere with the operations of the Heavenly Way.In other words,innate knowledge spontaneously responds to various events and things without any premeditation.Through the correspondence between innate knowledge and the Heavenly Way,we can gain a comprehensive and incisive understanding of innate knowledge and thus explain Wang Yangming's interpretation of the origin of selfish desires.According to him,selfish desires are mainly caused by people's habituation to life's cravings,so that people become partial to such things as life and death,work and rest,and lose their balance.

作者傅锡洪 Wang Keyou(译) Fu Xihong;Wang Keyou(Boya(Liberal Arts)College at Sun Yat-sen University;the School of Foreign Languages at Shandong University)

机构地区中山大学博雅学院 the School of Foreign Languages at Shandong University

出处《孔学堂》 CSSCI 2023年第1期73-84,164-175,共24页 Confucian Academy

基金中山大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“王阳明思想新探”(项目批准号:22wkqb01) 贵州省2020年度哲学社会科学规划国学单列重大课题“王阳明及其后学的礼学思想研究”(项目批准号:20GZGX08)阶段性成果

关键词良知天道感应自然私欲 innate knowledge the Heavenly Way mutual interaction nature selfi sh desire

分类号 B248.2 [哲学宗教—中国哲学]

作者简介傅锡洪,中山大学博雅学院副教授(广东广州510275),E-mail:fuxihong@mail.sysu.edu.cn;Wang Keyou,is professor in the School of Foreign Languages at Shandong University