摘要
近年来,美国中小学校长流失严重,且在州际和校际层面存在差异。美国中小学校长流失问题有其自身的成因,包括校长工作条件、薪酬制度、问责制、决策权、专业发展等。为了减少中小学校长流失,美国联邦政府和州政府相应地实施了一些举措,包括改善校长工作条件、完善校长薪酬激励制度、建立有效的评估和问责机制、提高校长决策权、消除校长专业发展障碍等。我国中小学校长流失较少,但美国改善中小学校长流失的举措可以为我国中小学校长流动问题的解决提供一些启示:完善校长评价和问责机制,构建科学合理的校长流动机制,保障校长专业发展。
In recent years,the loss of primary and secondary school principals in the United States is serious,and there are differences between the state and the school level.The problem of principal loss in American primary and secondary schools has its own causes,including working conditions,compensation,high-stakes accountability and evaluation,decision-making authority,professional learning and so on.In order to reduce the loss of primary and secondary school principals,the U.S.federal government and state governments have implemented some measures accordingly,including improving principals’working conditions,perfecting their salary incentive system,establishing effective evaluation and accountability mechanism,enhancing their decision-making power,and eliminating obstacles to their professional development.The loss of primary and secondary school principals is relatively less in China,but the measures to reduce the loss of primary and secondary school principals in the United States can provide some inspirations for solving the problem of the outflow of primary and secondary school principals in China:to improve the principal evaluation and accountability mechanism,to build a scientific and reasonable principal mobility mechanism,and to ensure the professional development of principals.
作者
孔令帅
邬浛文
KONG Lingshuai;WU Hanwen(Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234)
出处
《现代教育管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第8期112-120,共9页
Modern Education Management
基金
上海市教委委托项目“上海基础教育走向世界”
关键词
美国
中小学校长
校长流失
校长流动
校长发展
The United States
principals of primary and secondary schools
the loss of principals
principal mobility
principal development
作者简介
孔令帅,上海师范大学国际与比较教育研究院教授,博士生导师;邬浛文,上海师范大学国际与比较教育研究院硕士生。
