摘要
进入高风险社会以来,政府管理公共事务的复杂性陡增,对政府的应急能力提出更高要求。为尽快恢复社会秩序,法律赋予政府以特殊处置的权力,来调配有限的公共资源,以将损失降到最低限度;但是法律也鼓励社会捐赠,并且慈善组织参与突发事件应对当属其宗旨所在,使命使然。于是在突发事件应对中,一方面政府要限缩社会主体(包括慈善组织)的自由空间,另一方面慈善组织须依法依规依照章程需要开展慈善活动,两者之间的确存在冲突和张力。这一张力在新冠肺炎疫情应对中不时出现,并且不断引发舆情。本文从武汉市慈善总会27亿元善款上缴事件切入,回顾历次突发事件应对中政府与慈善组织之间的关系演变,以实在法上的规定来解释和评析此次事件,并提出相关完善建议,希冀为科学决策提供依据与思路。
Since entering a disaster-prone society,the complexity of public administration has increased dramatically,which means the government’s emergency response capacity needs to be improved.In order to restore social order in a timely manner,the government is empowered to allocate limited public resources to minimize losses;meanwhile,the law also encourages social donations.Emergency response is also a mission for charitable organizations.Therefore,in the emergency response,the government needs to restrict other players’(including charities)freedom of action on one hand while on the other,charitable organizations must carry out activities in accordance with the rules and regulations.There is indeed a tension between these two aspects.This tension appeared from time to time in the response to the Covid-19 outbreak and constantly aroused public opinion and concern.This paper discusses the event of the Wuhan Charity Federation turning over a 2.7 billion RMB donation to the government with the provisions of the positive law,reviews the evolution of the relationship between the government and charities in response to previous emergencies,and puts forward some recommendations to inform policy making.
作者
金锦萍
Jin Jinping(Law School,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《社会保障评论》
CSSCI
2021年第3期122-135,共14页
Chinese Social Security Review
基金
北京大学学科建设项目“突发事件应对中慈善活动的法律规制”
关键词
突发事件
肺炎疫情
慈善组织
社会捐赠
emergency
covid-19 pandemic
charitable organization
social donation
作者简介
金锦萍,北京大学法学院副教授,北京大学非营利组织法研究中心主任、劳动法与社会保障法研究所副所长。主要研究方向:社会法学、民商法学、非营利组织法、慈善法和信托法。
