摘要
生育政策的调整给普惠性托育服务发展提出要求。当前我国普惠性托育服务面临着结构性供给困境,服务需求突出但有效供给不足。对此,从托育服务的属性与供给模式历史流变出发,探究现代社会婴幼儿托育服务的“准公共物品”性质。基于准市场理论,提出普惠性托育服务准市场机制有效运行的类型及成功条件。通过对日本和韩国普惠性托育服务准市场供给机制的实践梳理与经验总结,并基于当前我国普惠托育服务供给困境,认为准市场机制是我国当前普惠托育服务发展的最优方案,但需要政府积极转换角色,承担起筹资者、决策者和监管者的重要责任,灵活运用政府购买型和费用补贴型双重供给模式,构建兜底性、福利性和需求导向性的多重供给结构。
The fertility policy adjustments entail the development of universal child care services in China.Currently,the demand for universal child care is great,but the ef fective supply is insu fficient.In this context,this paper explores the"quasi-public goods"nature of child care service in modern society from the perspective of its characteristics and changes.Based on the quasi-market theory,this paper puts forward the necessary conditions for the effective quasi-market mechanism for universal child care.Informed by the experiences of Japan and South Korea,as well as the current situation in China,this paper holds that the quasi-market mechanism is the best strategy for promoting universal child care in China.It is necessary for the government to change its role,assume the responsibilities as a sponsor,decision maker and regulator,flexibly use government purchases and government subsidies,and build a demand-oriented and multi-tiered supply structure.
作者
于萌
Yu Meng(School of Government,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)
出处
《社会保障评论》
CSSCI
2022年第5期146-159,共14页
Chinese Social Security Review
基金
江苏省社会科学基金青年项目“江苏省普惠性婴幼儿托育服务供给路径研究”(21SHC010)
南京大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“全面建成小康社会后进一步促进社会公平正义的理论基础与实现机制研究”(011714370119)
关键词
托育服务
准市场
普惠性
三孩政策
child care service
quasi-market
universality
three-child policy
作者简介
于萌,南京大学政府管理学院助理研究员。主要研究方向:社会政策。
