摘要
目的手部卫生是预防和控制经消化道、皮肤黏膜等传播传染病的重要途径,本研究调查广州市某区幼儿园教师手部卫生与相关知识行为现状,为制定手卫生管理策略提供参考。方法2019年7-12月采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,在广州市某区全日制非寄宿公办、集体和私立幼儿园中各选取10所,每所幼儿园大、中和小班各选1个班,对抽到班级的所有幼儿园教师采用面对面问卷调查和手卫生质量评价,采用SPSS 19.0进行统计分析。结果共调查幼师263名,平均年龄(31.64±9.94)岁;手部卫生合格率为70.72%,其中来自私立幼儿园(χ2=270.917,P<0.001)、小班(χ2=269.574,P<0.001)、保育员(χ2=36.943,P<0.001)均相对其他幼师低。不同机构性质幼儿园的幼师最近一次手部卫生的13个相关行为中,在个人卫生中的饭前洗手(χ2=24.742,P<0.001)、便后洗手(χ2=10.485,P=0.005)、准备/分发食物之前洗手(χ2=9.800,P=0.007)、户外活动之后洗手(χ2=11.300,P=0.004),教学服务中的给儿童喂食之前洗手(χ2=23.051,P<0.001)、给儿童擦鼻涕之后洗手(χ2=10.080,P=0.006)、协助儿童大小便及接触使用过的便器和用具后洗手(χ2=14.990,P=0.001)和洗手规范中的洗手采用流动清水(χ2=6.912,P=0.032)、洗手使用洗手液或肥皂(χ2=18.585,P<0.001)、洗手后用干净纸巾/毛巾/烘干机将手干燥(χ2=23.309,P<0.001)等方面差异均有统计学意义,且私立幼儿园教师相关行为正确率均低于公立和集体幼儿园。不同文化程度幼师最近一次手部卫生的13个相关行为中,有9项差异有统计学意义,且文化程度为中专及以下者相关行为正确率低于大专、本科及以上者,均P<0.05。结论幼儿园教师手部卫生质量不佳,特别是私立幼儿园,应通过进一步制定手部卫生综合宣教、干预、监督体系,完善幼师上岗培训制度,提高幼师手部卫生质量,降低经幼师传播传染病风险。
OBJECTIVE Hand hygiene is an important way to prevent and control the transmission of infectious diseases through the digestive tract,skin and mucous membranes.This study investigated the current situation of hand hygiene and related knowledge and behaviors of kindergarten teachers in a certain district of Guangzhou,and provided reference for formulating hand hygiene management strategies.METHODS From July to December 2019,a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was adopted,and 10 full-time non-boarding public,collective,and private kindergartens were selected from a certain district of Guangzhou,and each kindergarten was selected for large,medium and small classes.For all kindergarten teachers drawn into the class,face-to-face questionnaire survey and hand hygiene quality evaluation were used for all kindergarten teachers drawn into the class,and SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS A total of 263 kindergarten teachers were investigated,with an average age of(31.64±9.94)years old;the pass rate of hand hygiene was 70.72%,among which were from private kindergartens(χ2=270.917,P<0.001),small classes(χ2=269.574,P<0.001),nursery staff(χ2=36.943,P<0.001)were lower than other kindergarten teachers.Among the 13 behaviors related to hand hygiene by kindergarten teachers of different institutions in the most recent hand hygiene,washing hands before meals in personal hygiene(χ2=24.742,P<0.001),washing hands after defecation(χ2=10.485,P=0.005),wash hands before preparing/distributing food(χ2=9.800,P=0.007),wash hands after outdoor activities(χ2=11.300,P=0.004),wash hands before feeding children in teaching services(χ2=23.051,P<0.001),give children wash their hands after wiping their noses(χ2=10.080,P=0.006),assist children to urinate and urinate,and wash their hands after touching used toilets and utensils(χ2=14.990,P=0.001),and wash hands with flowing water(χ2=6.912,P=0.032),use hand sanitizer or soap for washing hands(χ2=18.585,P<0.001),dry hands with clean paper towels/towels/dryer after washing hands(χ2=23.309,P<0.001),etc.It was statistically significant,and the correct behavior of teachers in private kindergartens was lower than that in public and collective kindergartens.Among the13 behaviors related to hand hygiene by kindergarten teachers of different education levels in the last time,9 items had statistically significant differences,and the correct rate of related behaviors for those with technical secondary school education or below was lower than those for college,undergraduate and above,all P<0.05.CONCLUSIONS The quality of hand hygiene of kindergarten teachers is not good,especially private kindergartens.It is necessary to further develop a comprehensive hand hygiene education,intervention,and supervision system,improve the training system of kindergarten teachers,improve the quality of hand hygiene of kindergarten teachers,and reduce the spread of hand hygiene risk of infectious diseases.
作者
吴秀毅
杨燕君
陈寅生
WU Xiu-yi;YANG Yan-jun;Chen Yin-sheng(Community Health Center,Nancun town,Panyu District,Guangdong,Guangzhou511442,P.R.China;Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Panyu District of Guangzhou City,Guangzhou511400,P.R.China;Community Health Cente,Department of Public Health Managementr,Luopu town,Panyu District,Guangzhou511434,P.R.China)
出处
《社区医学杂志》
CAS
2020年第21期1437-1441,共5页
Journal Of Community Medicine
关键词
幼儿园
教师
手部卫生
行为
kindergarten
teacher
hand hygiene
behavior
作者简介
第一作者:吴秀毅,男,广东河源人,主管医师,主要从事预防医学的研究工作。Tel:86-20-39217886,E-mail:292586429@qq.com;通信作者:杨燕君,男,广西柳州人,硕士,主任医师,主要从事传染性疾病控制的研究工作。Tel:86-20-39337251,E-mail:6944197@qq.com
