摘要
目的分析福州市新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)疫情前后手足口病(HFMD)流行特征变化,制订防控策略。方法运用流行病学方法,分析福州市新冠肺炎疫情发生前后的2019-2021年影响HFMD规律的因素。结果2019-2021年福州市HFMD发病人数为14339人,2019-2021年发病水平呈先降低后升高趋势,年发病率分别为105.65/10万、22.70/10万、67.87/10万,各年间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3882.175,P<0.001)。流行高峰为每年的5-7月和9-11月,呈夏峰、秋峰双峰分布。福州市各县区均有报告病例,其中年均发病率较高的三个县区为仓山区、晋安区、闽侯县。各县区的HFMD发病率也呈现先下降后升高的趋势。病例以男性(n=8608)、散居儿童(n=9424)为主,集中在0~<5岁组(n=12018)。但相较于2019年,2021年托幼儿童占比和5~<10岁的年龄组占比升高。2019-2021年病原学共检测764例,EV71型从2019的30.57%下降至2021年的4.76%;Cox A16型从2019的9.59%下降至2021年的2.04%;而其他肠道病毒从2019年的59.84%升高至2021年的93.20%;三年间各病毒株类型构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=100.513,P<0.001)。结论福州市HFMD疫情形势严峻。福州市在高发时期应加强对重点地区、重点人群和以托幼机构为主的重点场所开展疫情防控措施,同时加强推广疫苗接种和防控宣传。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD)before and after the outbreak of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Fuzhou from 2019 to 2021,and provide the scientific basis for the control and prevention.Method The incidence data of HFMD before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 from 2019 to 2021 was analyzed statistically by using the descriptive epidemiology,and the influencing factors were in-depth explored.Results A total of 14339 cases of HFMD were reported from 2019 to 2021.The incidence rate decreased at first and then increased;the annual incidence rates were 105.65/100000,22.70/100000 and 67.87/100000,respectively,with significant differences(χ^(2)=3882.175,P<0.001).The epidemic curve showed a double-peak in summer from May to July and in autumn from September to November.Cases were reported in all cities/counties.The three counties with the higher incidence rates were Cangsha,Jinan and Minhou.The incidence rate decreased at first and then increased in all cities/counties.Most of HFMD cases were male(n=8608)and scattered children(n=9424)aging from 0-<5 years(n=12018).The percentage of nursery child aging from 5-<10 years in 2021 was higher than in 2019.From 2019 to 2021,764 cases were detected:EV71 decreased from 30.57%in 2019 to 4.76%in 2021,and cox A16 decreased from 9.59%in 2019 to 2.04%in 2021.However,the percentage of other enteroviruses increased from 59.84%in 2019 to 93.20%in 2021,and there was a significant difference in the constituent ratio of strains among the three years(χ^(2)=100.513,P<0.001).Conclusions The epidemic situation of HFMD in Fuzhou was serious.During the period of high incidence,the epidemic control and prevention should be carried out in key areas,key population groups and key places especially in kindergarten.The vaccination and the prevention knowledge propaganda should be strengthened.
作者
郑霄雁
张帅
许绍溢
陈敏红
张晓阳
ZHENG Xiaoyan;ZHANG Shuai;XU Shaoyi;CHEN Minhong;ZHANG Xiaoyang(Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou,Fujian 350004,China)
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2023年第3期406-409,共4页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
福州市科技重大项目(2020-Z-5)
关键词
新冠肺炎
手足口病
发病率
COVID-19
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
Incidence rate
作者简介
郑霄雁(1981-),男,硕士,副主任医师,从事传染性疾病防控工作,E-mail:23108264@qq.com
