摘要
目的了解辖区托幼机构手足口病聚集性疫情的流行特征及危险因素,为做好辖区托幼机构手足口病的防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析2014-2015年天津市滨海新区37起托幼机构手足口病聚集疫情流行特征。以126例实验室确诊病例作为病例组,进行1∶1匹配的病例对照研究分析危险因素。结果 37起聚集疫情发病人数147例,班级平均罹患率为14.89%(147/987)。疫情发病高峰为5~6月、9月,病例以4~5岁儿童为主(102,69.39%)。病原学监测结果以肠道病毒EV71型(44,34.65%)和Cox A16型(39,30.71%)为主。对病例对照研究单因素分析结果有统计学意义的8个因素进行多因素分析,结果显示发病前一周接触史(OR=11.280,95%CI:2.854~44.587)、吮吸手指(OR=22.265,95%CI:4.299~115.303)、吮吸玩具(OR=43.058,95%CI:5.675~326.703)为危险因素,个人专用毛巾(OR=0.049,95%CI:0.007~0.340)、玩具消毒(OR=0.035,95%CI:0.003~0.427)为保护因素。结论托幼机构是手足口病防控的重点场所,加强健康教育,养成良好的卫生习惯对托幼机构手足口病防控意义重大。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of clustered cases of hand,foot and mouth disease( HFMD) in kindergarten and to provide evidence for disease prevention and control. Methods The descriptive study was conducted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of clustered cases of HFMD in kindergartens in Binhai New Area of Tianjin from 2014 to 2015. A 1: 1 case-control study on risk factors of HFMD was carried out. The patient group consisted of 126 laboratories confirmed cases. Results Thirty-seven clustered cases of HFMD occurred,involving 147 cases.The average attack rate was 14. 89%( 147/987). The peat was from May to June and September,and the cases in the age group4-5 years accounted for 69. 39%. The major enterovirus responsible was EV 71( 44,34. 65%) and Cox A16( 39,30. 71%).Univariate conditional analysis showed that there were eight statistically significant factors. Multivariate conditional logistic regression revealed that the risk factors were contacting with cases( OR = 11. 280,95% CI: 2. 854 ~ 44. 587),eating finger( OR = 22. 265,95% CI: 4. 299 ~ 115. 303) and eating tools( OR = 43. 058,95% CI: 5. 675 ~ 326. 703). The protective factors were owning independent towel( OR = 0. 049,95% CI: 0. 007 ~ 0. 340) and disinfecting toys( OR = 0. 035,95% CI:0. 003 ~ 0. 427). Conclusion Kindergartens are the focus of HFMD prevention and control. It is essential to enhance health education and develop good hygiene habits for prevention and control the spread of HFMD.
作者
焦玲艳
宋婷
王伟
JIAO Ling -yan SONG Ting WANG Wei(Binhai New Area Tanggu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300453, Chin)
出处
《现代预防医学》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第15期2849-2852,共4页
Modern Preventive Medicine
基金
天津市滨海新区卫计委科技项目(2013BWKY029)
关键词
手足口病
流行特征
危险因素
托幼机构
Hand,foot and mouth disease
Epidemiological characteristics
Risk factor
Kindergartens
作者简介
焦玲艳（1982-），女，硕士，医师，研究方向：传染病预防控制
