日本居家养老服务政府责任:立法保障、运行逻辑与经验启示被引量：9

Government Responsibilities for Home-based Elderly Care Services in Japan:Legislative Protection,Operational Logic and Empirical Implications

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摘要日本政府注重通过积极承担责任来有效应对人口老龄化社会问题。在日本居家养老服务专门立法、政策文件和发展战略中,均对政府所应承担的各项责任做出了详细规定,包括优化养老服务制度、培养专业人才队伍、构建多元供给体系等。在日本构建的以介护保险制度为核心的居家养老服务政府责任承担体系中,政府实质上承担的是一种担保责任,即政府将服务供给职能转移给了效率更高的社会组织、市场上的企业来承担,而自身更多承担起制度设计、监督管理等责任。此外,日本政府通过持续完善居家养老服务筹资机制与服务内容以落实其主体责任。选择与本国实际相匹配的政府责任承担模式,注重体现传统养老文化价值理念,完善立法确保政府责任更有效落实,在政府与社会力量间构建协同合作治理局面等作为日本的相关经验,值得借鉴。 The Japanese government focuses on effectively addressing social issues related to population aging by actively assuming responsibility.In specialized legislation,policy documents,and development strategies for home based elderly care services in Japan,detailed provisions have been made for the various responsibilities that the government should undertake,including optimizing the elderly care service system,cultivating professional talent teams,and constructing a diversified supply system.In the government responsibility system for home based elderly care services built in Japan,with the core of the care insurance system,the government essentially assumes a guarantee responsibility,that is,the government transfers the service supply function to more efficient social organizations and enterprises,and takes on more responsibility for system design,supervision and management.The Japanese government has also continued to improve the security targets,financing mechanisms,service delivery,and projects of home-based elderly care services.The implications for China is that in the future,we should choose a government responsibility bearing model that matches our actual situation,pay attention to reflecting the traditional values of elderly care culture,improve legislation to ensure more effective implementation of government responsibilities,and build a collaborative governance situation between the government and social entities.

作者苏炜杰 SU Weijie(Law School,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan,450001,China)

机构地区郑州大学法学院

出处《现代日本经济》 CSSCI 北大核心 2023年第4期80-94,共15页 Contemporary Economy OF Japan

基金郑州大学青年教师科研启动基金项目(哲学社会科学类)“积极应对人口老龄化战略下的居家养老服务制度:存在问题与应对举措”(104-32221072) 河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目“人工智能时代我国居家养老服务中心的法律问题及规制措施”(2024-ZZJH-001)

关键词人口老龄化日本养老居家养老服务政府责任介护保险 population aging elderly care in Japan home based elderly care services government responsibility care insurance

分类号 F133.136 [经济管理—世界经济]

作者简介苏炜杰,法学博士,郑州大学法学院讲师。