摘要
刑法配刑的实然均衡程度应该是未来刑法修订的重要事实依据之一。对现行刑法第一至第九章全部罪刑关系的实证研究发现,是否为法定不作为犯、滥用身份优势实施犯罪、侵害公权的犯罪,都对刑法配刑轻重没有规律性影响;而危害生命的犯罪、被害不特定的犯罪以及国家安全犯罪是增加刑量配置的重要根据;自然犯之于其他犯罪,暴力犯罪之于偷窃、欺骗犯罪是区分配刑轻重的重要标志;故意犯罪、罪过不典型犯罪与过失犯罪三者刑量显著不同;纯正情节犯、兜底犯和加重构成是防止不当入罪、不当出罪和不当重罚的三个拦截机制;近年来刑法修订基本上形成了刑罚轻缓化的总体趋势;综合配刑分析基础上的残差分析可能对未来刑法修订系统协调罪刑关系、防止偏轻偏重配刑具有建设性方法论意义。文本提出,应提倡二元论的罪刑均衡理论。
The actual allocation balance of crime and punishment in criminal law should be one of the important facts for the future revision of criminal law.The empirical study on the relationship between all the crimes and punishments in the First to Ninth Chapters of the current Criminal Law shows that omission crime,the crime of abusing the advantages of position and the crime of infringing the public power have no regular influence on the severity of the punishment in the criminal law.And the crime that endangers life,the crime in which the victim is not specified and the crime endangering national security are the important basis for increasing the punishment.Natural crime rather than other crimes,or violent crime rather than theft and fraud is an important sign of the distinct distribution of punishment.The punishment amount of intentional crime is significantly different from that of atypical crime or negligent crime.Pure plot crime,supporting crime and aggravation constitute three interception mechanisms to prevent improper incrimination,improper exemption and improper heavy punishment.In recent years,the revision of criminal law has basically formed the overall trend of leniency.The analysis of residuals on the basis of comprehensive punishment allocation analysis may be of constructive significance for the future revision of criminal law to coordinate the relationship between crime and punishment and prevent imbalanced punishment.The research puts forward that we should advocate a dualist balanced theory of crime and punishment.
作者
白建军
BAI Jian-jun(Law School,Peking University,Beijing 100871)
出处
《新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期115-126,2,共13页
Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
关键词
刑法
全面依法治国
罪刑关系
罪刑均衡
配刑
残差分析
the Criminal Law
Comprehensively Advancing the Rule of Law
the Relationship Between Crime and Punishment
the Balance of Crime and Punishment
the Allocation of Punishment
Residual Analysis
作者简介
白建军,北京大学法学院教授、博士生导师。现任北京大学实证法务研究所主任、北京大学金融法研究中心副主任。主要研究领域为法律实证研究方法、犯罪学、刑法学、金融犯罪。著有《罪刑均衡实证研究》等个人专著9部,在《中国社会科学》等期刊独立发表论文若干篇。
