摘要
叙事与时间的关系问题是保罗·利科叙事学理论中的一个核心问题。在他看来,虚构叙事是一种为时间进行塑形的重要方式。热奈特曾经把虚构叙事中的时间划分为三种形态:故事时间、叙事时间和叙述时间,但他主要探讨的是故事时间和叙事时间的关系,对于叙述时间则只是略加分析。保罗·利科则主张,叙述时间是叙事时间的根本来源,因为叙述行为出自一个虚构的叙述者,它能够悬置叙述行为所具有的现实性,从而把叙述行为变成一场对单一线性的故事时间进行随意切割和自由组合的游戏。由于这场游戏关乎叙事的成败,因此就变成了一场危险的赌博。正是在这种与时间的游戏和赌博中,叙述行为创造出了多种多样的叙事时间,并且为故事中的人物创造了一种虚构的时间经验,由此达到了为时间塑形的目的。
The relationship between narrative and time is a core issue in Paul Ricoeur’s narrative theory.In his view,fictional narrative is an important way to configure time.Gérard Genette once divided the time of fictional narrative into three forms:the time of the story,the time of the narrative and the time of the narrating,but he mainly discussed the relationship between the time of the story and the time of the narrative,and only slightly analyzed the time of the narrating.Paul Ricoeur argues that the time of the narrating is the fundamental source of the time of the narrative,because the act of narrating comes from a feigned narrator who can suspend the reality of the act of narrating,thus turning the act of narrating into a game of arbitrary cutting and free combination of a single linear time of the story.Because the game is about narrative success or failure,it becomes a dangerous gamble.It is in this game and gamble with time that the act of narrating creates varieties of narrative time and invents the fictive experience of time for the character in the story,thus achieving the purpose of configuring time.
作者
苏宏斌
肖文婷
SU Hongbin;XIAO Wenting(Department of Chinese,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310028)
出处
《中国人民大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期147-154,共8页
Journal of Renmin University of China
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“改革开放40年文学理论学术史研究与文献整理”(19ZDA262)
关键词
叙事时间
叙述时间
虚构时间经验
Time of the narrative
Time of the narrating
Fictive experience of time
作者简介
苏宏斌,浙江大学中文系教授,博士生导师;肖文婷,浙江大学中文系博士研究生(浙江杭州310028)
