摘要
政府数据开放工作正在我国蓬勃发展,但公共管理实践界发出的两大问题,即"政府信息公开与数据开放为何种关系"、"传统信息公开领域如何开展数据开放工作",依然未得到学术界的充分解答。本文认为,回答上述问题,须从公共产品供给领域"政府-市场-社会"关系变迁视角出发,辨析政府信息公开与数据开放的治理逻辑差异,并构建对二者关系的清晰解释。本文提出,信息公开与数据开放的关系为"形式相同但功能各有偏重"。即,二者本质上都是政府对外发布信息(数据)的信息服务形式,同时包含"保障知情权"与"促进信息/数据的利用"这两重目标。不过,在政府信息公开的治理逻辑中,保障公民知情权是其首要目标;在政府数据开放的治理逻辑中,促进公共数据开发利用才是其首要目标,政府通过扮演"数据要素供应方"这一新角色,响应"政府-市场-社会"关系变迁,实现公共产品的合作供给以及数据经济价值的释放。首要目标上的差异也决定了二者须匹配以不同的信息(数据)发布格式。以上述分析为基础,本文进一步提出,可将政府数据开放整合进入传统政府信息公开领域,形成信息公开与数据开放"并行运作"的双路径模式。
Although Open Government Data(OGD)practices are rapidly growing in China,two challenging questions proposed by practitioners are still unanswered,which are about"how to distinguish OGD and Government Information Disclosure"and"How to develop OGD in a Government Information Disclosure domain".The main goal of our research is to address the aforementioned questions from the perspective of"government-market-society"relationship in the field of public goods provision.By comparing the inner logic of OGD and Government Information Disclosure,the relationship between these two is revealed that they are both means of public information services but they emphasize different goals.While Government Information Disclosure mainly aims to guarantee citizen’s right to know by offering easy-to-read information,OGD mainly aims to respond to the rapid change of"government-market-society"relationship and gives government a new role as raw data supplier to facilitate collaborative provision of public service and economic value creation.Then,we further propose that a department in charge of data resource could establish a dual-track system combining Government Information Disclosure and OGD with little conflict.
作者
胡业飞
孙华俊
Hu Yefei;Sun Huajun(College of Management and Economics,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072)
出处
《中国行政管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期31-39,共9页
Chinese Public Administration
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目《公共服务视角下政府数据开放(OGD)的发展困境及其对策研究》(编号:20YJC630044)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目《政府角色对合作治理绩效的影响研究:以技术标准领域为例》(编号:72004158)
国家知识产权局战略实施研究基地专项研究(编号:ZX190402)
关键词
政府数据开放
政府信息公开
“政府-市场-社会”关系
open government data
government information disclosure
public goods
government-market-society relationship
作者简介
胡业飞,天津大学公共管理学院讲师,硕士生导师;孙华俊,天津大学公共管理学院博士研究生,天津300072
