摘要
目的:摸清开平市药用植物资源分布及利用现状,为区域内药用植物资源的保护和利用、中医药产业的发展提供科学依据。方法:按照第四次全国中药资源普查技术规范的要求,采用野外实地调查、走访栽培基地以及相关人员等方式,对开平市药用植物资源进行普查。结果:开平市共有野生药用植物593种,涉及138科403属,重点植物药材68种,规模化栽培药用植物2种。野生药用植物的优势科主要集中在菊科、豆科、大戟科、茜草科、唇形科、蔷薇科、莎草科等,占总种数的30.02%。药用植物类型主要以草本和灌木为主。野生药用植物单种科占比最大,为39.86%。重点植物药材入药部位以全草、根及根茎、果实及种子和叶类为主。野生重点药材的蕴藏量最大的前三位分别是鸭跖草、积雪草和淡竹叶。结论:开平市野生药用植物资源丰富,但是产业化、深加工、精加工的药材种类较少,其南药种植产业还具有较大的发展潜力,另有部分药用植物的蕴藏量较少,加上过度采挖,资源面临枯竭,亟待合理保护。
Objective: To find out the distribution and utilization of medicinal plants resources in Kaiping city, so as to provide scientific basis for the protection and utilization of medicinal plants resources and the development of traditional Chinese medicine industry in the region.Methods: According to the requirements of the fourth national general survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources, the medical plants resources in Kaiping city were surveyed through field investigation, visiting cultivation bases and related personnel.Results: There were 593 species of wild medicinal plants in Kaiping city, involving 138 families and 403 genera, 68 species of key medicinal plants and 2 species of large-scale cultivated medicinal plants.The dominant families of wild medicinal plants were mainly concentrated in Compositae, Leguminosae, Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, Labiatae, Rosaceae and Cyperaceae, accounting for 30.02%of the total species.Medicinal plants were mainly herbs and shrubs.The proportion of single species of wild medicinal plants was the largest, accounting for 39.86%.The key plant medicinal materials were mainly used in the whole grass, roots and rhizomes, fruits and seeds, leaves.The largest reserves of key medicinal materials were Commelina communis,Centella asiatica,Lophatherum gracile.Conclusion: Kaiping city is rich in wild medicinal plant resources.However, there are few kinds of medicinal materials in industrialization, deep processing and fine processing, and the cultivation industry of southern medicine still has great development potential.In addition, the reserves of some medicinal plants are small.Coupled with excessive mining, resources are exhausted, and reasonable protection is urgently needed.
作者
蒋媛媛
欧阳若水
彭秀丽
孙立永
佘丹
彭荣珍
JIANG Yuan-yuan;OUYANG Ruo-shui;PENG Xiu-li;SUN Li-yong;SHE Dan;PENG Rong-zhen(Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College,Jiangmen 529000,China)
出处
《中药材》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第10期2329-2334,共6页
Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials
基金
2018年中央财政中医药部门公共卫生服务补助资金专项(财社[2018]43号)
关键词
药用植物
中药资源普查
开平市
Medicinal plants
Survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources
Kaiping city
作者简介
蒋媛媛(1970-),女,副教授,研究方向:中药学,E-mail:3471499402@qq.com。
