采用2009—2013年CFSR(Climate Forecast System Reanalysis)大气和海洋再分析资料对黄海海气间热量通量和动量通量的特征进行统计分析,并通过FVCOMSWAVE浪流耦合模式对典型寒潮过程中风浪的影响效果进行模拟研究与对比分析。统计结果显...采用2009—2013年CFSR(Climate Forecast System Reanalysis)大气和海洋再分析资料对黄海海气间热量通量和动量通量的特征进行统计分析,并通过FVCOMSWAVE浪流耦合模式对典型寒潮过程中风浪的影响效果进行模拟研究与对比分析。统计结果显示,通量受海表大风、海气温差及海洋环流等因子影响,秋冬季节强烈,春夏季节相对较弱,在寒潮活跃的冷季该海域的海流处于弱流期,风浪对海面通量的作用明显增强。海温特征也显示冷季的不稳定性显著强于暖季,因此该海域冷季具有更强的海气热量通量。沿岸站点的比较显示,南部吕泗站面向更开阔的东海海域,其平均波高高出北部20%左右。这与沿海南部通量强于北部特征对应。数值模拟显示,在寒潮过程中,海气界面热量通量和动量通量输送比多年月平均状态显著增强,动量通量增大1~5倍,热量通量增大1~6倍。寒潮过程入海冷锋走向、强度、移动方向显著影响海面热量通量和动量通量大值区的分布。偏北路寒潮纬向型冷锋入海,其强度东部大于西部,造成通量大值区形成在黄海东北部,而偏西路寒潮经向型冷锋入海,其强度南部大于北部,造成通量大值区形成在黄海南部。同时偏北路径寒潮强度大于偏西路径,海气动量通量响应较偏西路径强约25%,热量通量强约50%。耦合风浪作用的模拟显示,海气间热量通量和动量通量明显增大,对不同强度风浪,浪高增加1.5倍,动量通量最大值增大约2倍,热量通量增大10~160 W/m2;浪高减弱至0.5倍,动量通量最大值则减弱约40%,热量通量减小10~55 W/m2。冷锋及其驱动的风浪强烈影响区域海气通量时空特征。展开更多
对2016年1月22—24日(过程1)和2月13—14日(过程2)2次寒潮天气过程环流形势和寒潮天气对比分析。结果表明:2次寒潮过程均由横槽转竖造成寒潮爆发,但过程1转竖时间较晚,过程2转竖时间较早;影响系统不同造成2次过程降水量及降水性质有明...对2016年1月22—24日(过程1)和2月13—14日(过程2)2次寒潮天气过程环流形势和寒潮天气对比分析。结果表明:2次寒潮过程均由横槽转竖造成寒潮爆发,但过程1转竖时间较晚,过程2转竖时间较早;影响系统不同造成2次过程降水量及降水性质有明显差别。过程1只有强冷空气影响,形成冷流降雪,且因1月海水温度较低,造成降水量级相对较小;过程2中高空槽、700 h Pa低空急流和地面气旋的较好配合造成多地降水超过同期极值,且前期为降雨后期转为降雪。前期气候背景的不同造成2次过程最低气温也有明显差异。过程1前期不断有小槽引导冷空气南下,已使各地气温不断下降,横槽转竖携带冷空气主体过境,使各地气温进一步下降,多地最低气温打破历史极值;过程2前期受暖平流影响基础气温较高,所以最低温度未创新低。展开更多
The temperature distributions of a prestressed concrete box girder bridge under the effect of cold wave processes were analyzed. The distributions were found different from those under the effect of solar radiation or...The temperature distributions of a prestressed concrete box girder bridge under the effect of cold wave processes were analyzed. The distributions were found different from those under the effect of solar radiation or nighttime radiation cooling and should not be simplified as one dimensional. A temperature predicting model that can accurately predict temperatures over the cross section of the concrete box girder was developed. On the basis of the analytical model, a two-dimensional temperature gradient model was proposed and a parametric study that considered meteorological factors was performed. The results of sensitivity analysis show that the cold wave with shorter duration and more severe temperature drop may cause more unfavorable influences on the concrete box girder bridge. Finally, the unrestrained linear curvatures, self-equilibrating stresses and bending stresses when considering the frame action of the cross section, were derived from the proposed temperature gradient model and current code provisions, respectively. Then, a comparison was made between the value calculated against proposed model and several current specifications. The results show that the cold wave may cause more unfavorable effect on the concrete box girder bridge, especially on the large concrete box girder bridge. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the thermal effect caused by cold wave during the design stage.展开更多
文摘对2016年1月22—24日(过程1)和2月13—14日(过程2)2次寒潮天气过程环流形势和寒潮天气对比分析。结果表明:2次寒潮过程均由横槽转竖造成寒潮爆发,但过程1转竖时间较晚,过程2转竖时间较早;影响系统不同造成2次过程降水量及降水性质有明显差别。过程1只有强冷空气影响,形成冷流降雪,且因1月海水温度较低,造成降水量级相对较小;过程2中高空槽、700 h Pa低空急流和地面气旋的较好配合造成多地降水超过同期极值,且前期为降雨后期转为降雪。前期气候背景的不同造成2次过程最低气温也有明显差异。过程1前期不断有小槽引导冷空气南下,已使各地气温不断下降,横槽转竖携带冷空气主体过境,使各地气温进一步下降,多地最低气温打破历史极值;过程2前期受暖平流影响基础气温较高,所以最低温度未创新低。
基金Project(08Y60) supported by the Traffic Science’s Research Planning of Jiangsu Province,China
文摘The temperature distributions of a prestressed concrete box girder bridge under the effect of cold wave processes were analyzed. The distributions were found different from those under the effect of solar radiation or nighttime radiation cooling and should not be simplified as one dimensional. A temperature predicting model that can accurately predict temperatures over the cross section of the concrete box girder was developed. On the basis of the analytical model, a two-dimensional temperature gradient model was proposed and a parametric study that considered meteorological factors was performed. The results of sensitivity analysis show that the cold wave with shorter duration and more severe temperature drop may cause more unfavorable influences on the concrete box girder bridge. Finally, the unrestrained linear curvatures, self-equilibrating stresses and bending stresses when considering the frame action of the cross section, were derived from the proposed temperature gradient model and current code provisions, respectively. Then, a comparison was made between the value calculated against proposed model and several current specifications. The results show that the cold wave may cause more unfavorable effect on the concrete box girder bridge, especially on the large concrete box girder bridge. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the thermal effect caused by cold wave during the design stage.
