摘要
采用2009—2013年CFSR(Climate Forecast System Reanalysis)大气和海洋再分析资料对黄海海气间热量通量和动量通量的特征进行统计分析,并通过FVCOMSWAVE浪流耦合模式对典型寒潮过程中风浪的影响效果进行模拟研究与对比分析。统计结果显示,通量受海表大风、海气温差及海洋环流等因子影响,秋冬季节强烈,春夏季节相对较弱,在寒潮活跃的冷季该海域的海流处于弱流期,风浪对海面通量的作用明显增强。海温特征也显示冷季的不稳定性显著强于暖季,因此该海域冷季具有更强的海气热量通量。沿岸站点的比较显示,南部吕泗站面向更开阔的东海海域,其平均波高高出北部20%左右。这与沿海南部通量强于北部特征对应。数值模拟显示,在寒潮过程中,海气界面热量通量和动量通量输送比多年月平均状态显著增强,动量通量增大1~5倍,热量通量增大1~6倍。寒潮过程入海冷锋走向、强度、移动方向显著影响海面热量通量和动量通量大值区的分布。偏北路寒潮纬向型冷锋入海,其强度东部大于西部,造成通量大值区形成在黄海东北部,而偏西路寒潮经向型冷锋入海,其强度南部大于北部,造成通量大值区形成在黄海南部。同时偏北路径寒潮强度大于偏西路径,海气动量通量响应较偏西路径强约25%,热量通量强约50%。耦合风浪作用的模拟显示,海气间热量通量和动量通量明显增大,对不同强度风浪,浪高增加1.5倍,动量通量最大值增大约2倍,热量通量增大10~160 W/m2;浪高减弱至0.5倍,动量通量最大值则减弱约40%,热量通量减小10~55 W/m2。冷锋及其驱动的风浪强烈影响区域海气通量时空特征。
Using the FVCOM-SWAVE coupled regional ocean model, a numerical simulation and comparative analysis were performed for the wind wave effect on the air-sea heat and momentum fluxes in the Yellow Sea during the typical cold wave processes.In order to learn the basic features of the air-sea heat and momentum fluxes in the Yellow Sea,a statistical analysis by air and sea reanalysis data of CFSR （Climate Forecast System Reanalysis, US） were performed for a 5-year duration from 2009 to 2013.The statistical results showed that the air-sea heat and momentum flux exchanges were impacted by the sea surface wind, difference between air-sea temperature, o- cean currents,and so on. The fluxes were stronger during the cold season from November to March, while the wave impact was more significant in autumn-winter than in spring-summer, due to the weak ocean currents during the cold season.In the cold season the heat fluxes from between the sea and air were also remarkable,as the air- sea temperature difference and SST grads between latitudes were larger and resulted in an unstable surface envi- ronment.The variables of the coastal station comparison showed that the south station faced a wider open sea with a wave height of about 20% higher than the north coastal station,while the south fluxes were also stronger than in the north part. The two typical cold wave events in the cold season were numerically simulated, in which the cold mass paths of invading the Yellow Sea moved from the north and west. The results showed that the air-sea heat and momentum flux exchange became significantly stronger during the cold wave processes, with the momentum flux increasing by about 1-4 times and the heat flux increase 1-6 times over the maximum average values in the cold season.The simulation results also showed that the air-sea heat and momentum flux exchange exhibited obvious differences, due to the different paths and intensity between the two typical cold waves. The heat and mo- mentum flux responses were more intense in the north path cold wave process, with the momentum flux being a- bout 1/4 times stronger than that in the west path cold wave, and the heat flux being 1/2 times stronger.The cold wave path affected the large value distribution of the fluxes.When the wind waves were coupled into the model, the air-sea heat and momentum flux exchanges were enhanced：the height of wind waves increased by 1.5 times, the maximum value of the momentum flux increased by about 2 times, and the heat flux increased by 10-160 W/m2.When the height of the wind waves was reduced by 0.5 times, the maximum value of the momentum flux was reduced by about 40% ,and the heat flux decreased by about 10-55 W/m2.The wind wave provided an im- portant contribution to the air-sea heat and momentum flux features and distribution.
作者
王坚红
史嘉琳
彭模
盛建明
苗春生
WANG Jianhong;SHI Jialin;PENG No;SHENG Jianmin;MIAO Chunsheng(Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters,Nanjing University of Information Science ＆ Technology Nanjing 210044 Chin a;School of Marine Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science ＆ Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;The Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Office,Yantai 265100,China;Marine Environmental Monitoring Forecasting Center of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210036 China)
出处
《大气科学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第4期541-553,共13页
Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41276033)
国家科技支撑项目(2012BAH05B01)
江苏科技支撑项目(BE2014729)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
作者简介
联系人：王坚红，E—mail：1597706505@qq．com
