For the Sylvester continued fraction expansions of real numbers,FAN et al.(2007)proved that,for almost all real numbers,the nth partial quotient grows exponentially with respect to the product of the first n-1 partial...For the Sylvester continued fraction expansions of real numbers,FAN et al.(2007)proved that,for almost all real numbers,the nth partial quotient grows exponentially with respect to the product of the first n-1 partial quotients.In this paper,we establish the Hausdorff dimension of the exceptional set where the growth rate is a general function.展开更多
Experimental study is performed on the probabilistic models for the long fatigue crack growth rates (da/dN) of LZ50 axle steel. An equation for crack growth rate was derived to consider the trend of stress intensity f...Experimental study is performed on the probabilistic models for the long fatigue crack growth rates (da/dN) of LZ50 axle steel. An equation for crack growth rate was derived to consider the trend of stress intensity factor range going down to the threshold and the average stress effect. The probabilistic models were presented on the equation. They consist of the probabilistic da/dN-ΔK relations, the confidence-based da/dN-ΔK relations, and the probabilistic- and confidence-based da/dN-ΔK relations. Efforts were made respectively to characterize the effects of probabilistic assessments due to the scattering regularity of test data, the number of sampling, and both of them. These relations can provide wide selections for practice. Analysis on the test data of LZ50 steel indicates that the present models are available and feasible.展开更多
Based on the population balance equation in a batch crystallizer characteristic of seeded precipitation, a model to calculate the rate of apparent crystal growth of aluminum hydroxide from the size distribution was de...Based on the population balance equation in a batch crystallizer characteristic of seeded precipitation, a model to calculate the rate of apparent crystal growth of aluminum hydroxide from the size distribution was deve- loped. The simulation results indicate that the rate of apparent crystal growth during seeded precipitation exhibits a manifest dependence on the crystal size. In general, there is an obvious increase in the apparent crystal growth rate with the augment in crystal size. The apparent activation energy increases with the increase of characteristic crystal size, which indicates that the growth of small crystals is controlled by surface chemical reaction; it is gradually controlled by both the surface reaction and diffusion with the augment in crystal size.展开更多
A complete control type plant factory has high efficiency in terms of cultivation area by constructing vertical multiple layered cultivation beds.However,it has a problem of irregular crop growth due to temperature de...A complete control type plant factory has high efficiency in terms of cultivation area by constructing vertical multiple layered cultivation beds.However,it has a problem of irregular crop growth due to temperature deviation at upper and lower beds and increases in energy consumption by a prolonged cultivation period.In this work,air flow rate inside a facility was improved by a hybrid control of air flow devices like air conditioning and air circulation fan with an established wireless sensor network to minimize temperature deviations between upper and lower beds and to promote crop growth.The performance of proposed system was verified with an experimental environment or Case A wherein air conditioning device was operated without a control algorithm and Case B wherein air conditioning and circulation fans were alternatively operated based on the hybrid control algorithm.After planting leafy vegetables under each experimental condition,crops were cultivated for 21 days.As a result,Case B wherein AC(air conditioning) and ACF(air-circulation fan) were alternatively operated based on the hybrid control algorithm showed that fresh mass,number of leaves,and leaf length for the crops grown were increased by 40.6%,41.1%,and 11.1%,respectively,compared to Case A.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of A.sinensis on longitudinal bone growth rate in adolescent female rats.METHODS A.sinensis was extracted with 30% EtOH for 3h at 90℃in a reflux apparatus.Female Sprague-Dawley rat...OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of A.sinensis on longitudinal bone growth rate in adolescent female rats.METHODS A.sinensis was extracted with 30% EtOH for 3h at 90℃in a reflux apparatus.Female Sprague-Dawley rats(33d-old)were randomly divided into three groups:control(vehicle),recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH;20μg·kg-1·d-1),and A.sinensis(300mg·kg-1·d-1).A.sinensis extracts or vehicle was administered orally twice daily for 4d.Longitudinal bone growth rate in newly synthesized bone was observed using tetracycline labeling(20mg·kg-1,intraperitoneally).RESULTS A.sinensis significantly increased longitudinal bone growth rate in adolescent female rats at 300mg·kg-1(6.1%,357.34±32.67μm·d-1)compared to control group(336.80±14.47μm·d-1).CONCLUSION A.sinensis extract significantly increased longitudinal bone growth rate and growth plate height in adolescent female rats.These results suggest that A.sinensis could be helpful for increasing bone growth rate in children who have growth retardation.展开更多
The increasing of the growth rate of the crystals from aqueous solutions(simultaneously keeping a good quality of the crystals)remains the important problem.A comparison of fast grown and low grown KDP crystals shows,...The increasing of the growth rate of the crystals from aqueous solutions(simultaneously keeping a good quality of the crystals)remains the important problem.A comparison of fast grown and low grown KDP crystals shows,that some properties of the former are often better than low grown materials.展开更多
Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy samples were annealed to four different states （under-aging, peak-aging, over-aging and double-aging） and then thoroughly investigated by means of electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD）, tran...Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy samples were annealed to four different states （under-aging, peak-aging, over-aging and double-aging） and then thoroughly investigated by means of electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, tensile and fatigue crack growth rate tests to explore the influence of annealing treatment on microstmcture and fatigue crack growth behavior. The results indicate that Al3（Sc,Zr） particles can effectively refine grains and enhance tensile properties and fatigue properties. After annealing treatment, the under-aged sample and double-aged sample obtained average grain sizes of 4.9473 and 4.1257 μm, and the maximum value of yield/tensile strength （561 MPa/581 MPa） was obtained in peak-aged state. In the Paris region, fatigue crack growth rate, crack deflection and bifurcation, crack blunting and inter/trans-granular propagation were discussed based on data fitting and Laird model and Griffith theory. And the results show that the under-aged sample possesses the best resistance to fatigue crack propagation and the most tortuous and bifurcated crack path. For all samples, the fatigue crack growth rate in the rupture region was inversely proportional to yield strength.展开更多
In recent decades,many software reliability growth models（SRGMs） have been proposed for the engineers and testers in measuring the software reliability precisely.Most of them is established based on the non-homogene...In recent decades,many software reliability growth models（SRGMs） have been proposed for the engineers and testers in measuring the software reliability precisely.Most of them is established based on the non-homogeneous Poisson process（NHPP）,and it is proved that the prediction accuracy of such models could be improved by adding the describing of characterization of testing effort.However,some research work indicates that the fault detection rate（FDR） is another key factor affects final software quality.Most early NHPPbased models deal with the FDR as constant or piecewise function,which does not fit the different testing stages well.Thus,this paper first incorporates a multivariate function of FDR,which is bathtub-shaped,into the NHPP-based SRGMs considering testing effort in order to further improve performance.A new model framework is proposed,and a stepwise method is used to apply the framework with real data sets to find the optimal model.Experimental studies show that the obtained new model can provide better performance of fitting and prediction compared with other traditional SRGMs.展开更多
As a consequence of the collision of India with Asia, the Qilian Shan, rising 4000～5000m above the Gobi, marks the northeastern boundary of the Tibet—Qinghai Plateau. The Qilian Shan developed as a WNW—ESE fold\|an...As a consequence of the collision of India with Asia, the Qilian Shan, rising 4000～5000m above the Gobi, marks the northeastern boundary of the Tibet—Qinghai Plateau. The Qilian Shan developed as a WNW—ESE fold\|and\|thrust belt with most of the movement directed towards the NEN—NE. Its foreland margin, the Jiuxi Basin, accommodates thick sequences of Late Cenozoic alluvial sediments derived from the Qilian Shan. Thin\|skinned fold\|and\|thrust deformation in the Jiuxi basin flanking the Qilian Shan, feature Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary rocks that have been detached from the underlying basal decollement and folded into a series of NW—WNW trending anticlines and synclines. Towards the south deformation in the Jiuxi basin is accommodated by a west\|north\|west fold train (Qingcaowan, Laojunmiao, and Shiyougou folds) developed during the Quaternary. These form a distinct topographic feature separating the Qilian Shan from the central Jiuxi Basin. The doubly plunging Laojunmiao anticline is 10km long and 5km wide. It is asymmetric in shape, having a steep to overturned northern limb, and a backlimb dips to the south at 20～30°. The Laojunmiao anticline is composed of two distinct stratigraphic sequences which are defined by a syntectonic unconformity.展开更多
基金Supported by Projects from Chongqing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0445)。
文摘For the Sylvester continued fraction expansions of real numbers,FAN et al.(2007)proved that,for almost all real numbers,the nth partial quotient grows exponentially with respect to the product of the first n-1 partial quotients.In this paper,we establish the Hausdorff dimension of the exceptional set where the growth rate is a general function.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.50375130and50323003), the Special Foundation of National Excellent Ph.D.Thesis (No.200234) and thePlanned Itemforthe Outstanding Young Teachers ofMinistry ofEducationofChina (No.2101)
文摘Experimental study is performed on the probabilistic models for the long fatigue crack growth rates (da/dN) of LZ50 axle steel. An equation for crack growth rate was derived to consider the trend of stress intensity factor range going down to the threshold and the average stress effect. The probabilistic models were presented on the equation. They consist of the probabilistic da/dN-ΔK relations, the confidence-based da/dN-ΔK relations, and the probabilistic- and confidence-based da/dN-ΔK relations. Efforts were made respectively to characterize the effects of probabilistic assessments due to the scattering regularity of test data, the number of sampling, and both of them. These relations can provide wide selections for practice. Analysis on the test data of LZ50 steel indicates that the present models are available and feasible.
文摘Based on the population balance equation in a batch crystallizer characteristic of seeded precipitation, a model to calculate the rate of apparent crystal growth of aluminum hydroxide from the size distribution was deve- loped. The simulation results indicate that the rate of apparent crystal growth during seeded precipitation exhibits a manifest dependence on the crystal size. In general, there is an obvious increase in the apparent crystal growth rate with the augment in crystal size. The apparent activation energy increases with the increase of characteristic crystal size, which indicates that the growth of small crystals is controlled by surface chemical reaction; it is gradually controlled by both the surface reaction and diffusion with the augment in crystal size.
基金Work(NRF-2012H1B8A2026145)supported by the Human Resource Training Program for Regional Innovation through the Ministry of Education and National Research Foundation of KoreaProject(2015K000281)supported by the Functional Districts of the Science Belt Support Program,Ministry of Science,ICT and Future Planning,Korea
文摘A complete control type plant factory has high efficiency in terms of cultivation area by constructing vertical multiple layered cultivation beds.However,it has a problem of irregular crop growth due to temperature deviation at upper and lower beds and increases in energy consumption by a prolonged cultivation period.In this work,air flow rate inside a facility was improved by a hybrid control of air flow devices like air conditioning and air circulation fan with an established wireless sensor network to minimize temperature deviations between upper and lower beds and to promote crop growth.The performance of proposed system was verified with an experimental environment or Case A wherein air conditioning device was operated without a control algorithm and Case B wherein air conditioning and circulation fans were alternatively operated based on the hybrid control algorithm.After planting leafy vegetables under each experimental condition,crops were cultivated for 21 days.As a result,Case B wherein AC(air conditioning) and ACF(air-circulation fan) were alternatively operated based on the hybrid control algorithm showed that fresh mass,number of leaves,and leaf length for the crops grown were increased by 40.6%,41.1%,and 11.1%,respectively,compared to Case A.
基金The project supported by the Traditional Korean Medicine R&D program funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute(KHIDI)(HI14C0976)by Brain Korea 21plus project
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of A.sinensis on longitudinal bone growth rate in adolescent female rats.METHODS A.sinensis was extracted with 30% EtOH for 3h at 90℃in a reflux apparatus.Female Sprague-Dawley rats(33d-old)were randomly divided into three groups:control(vehicle),recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH;20μg·kg-1·d-1),and A.sinensis(300mg·kg-1·d-1).A.sinensis extracts or vehicle was administered orally twice daily for 4d.Longitudinal bone growth rate in newly synthesized bone was observed using tetracycline labeling(20mg·kg-1,intraperitoneally).RESULTS A.sinensis significantly increased longitudinal bone growth rate in adolescent female rats at 300mg·kg-1(6.1%,357.34±32.67μm·d-1)compared to control group(336.80±14.47μm·d-1).CONCLUSION A.sinensis extract significantly increased longitudinal bone growth rate and growth plate height in adolescent female rats.These results suggest that A.sinensis could be helpful for increasing bone growth rate in children who have growth retardation.
文摘The increasing of the growth rate of the crystals from aqueous solutions(simultaneously keeping a good quality of the crystals)remains the important problem.A comparison of fast grown and low grown KDP crystals shows,that some properties of the former are often better than low grown materials.
基金Project(2012CB691503)supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(2016B090931001)supported by Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province,China
文摘Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy samples were annealed to four different states （under-aging, peak-aging, over-aging and double-aging） and then thoroughly investigated by means of electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, tensile and fatigue crack growth rate tests to explore the influence of annealing treatment on microstmcture and fatigue crack growth behavior. The results indicate that Al3（Sc,Zr） particles can effectively refine grains and enhance tensile properties and fatigue properties. After annealing treatment, the under-aged sample and double-aged sample obtained average grain sizes of 4.9473 and 4.1257 μm, and the maximum value of yield/tensile strength （561 MPa/581 MPa） was obtained in peak-aged state. In the Paris region, fatigue crack growth rate, crack deflection and bifurcation, crack blunting and inter/trans-granular propagation were discussed based on data fitting and Laird model and Griffith theory. And the results show that the under-aged sample possesses the best resistance to fatigue crack propagation and the most tortuous and bifurcated crack path. For all samples, the fatigue crack growth rate in the rupture region was inversely proportional to yield strength.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61070220)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(1408085MKL79)
文摘In recent decades,many software reliability growth models（SRGMs） have been proposed for the engineers and testers in measuring the software reliability precisely.Most of them is established based on the non-homogeneous Poisson process（NHPP）,and it is proved that the prediction accuracy of such models could be improved by adding the describing of characterization of testing effort.However,some research work indicates that the fault detection rate（FDR） is another key factor affects final software quality.Most early NHPPbased models deal with the FDR as constant or piecewise function,which does not fit the different testing stages well.Thus,this paper first incorporates a multivariate function of FDR,which is bathtub-shaped,into the NHPP-based SRGMs considering testing effort in order to further improve performance.A new model framework is proposed,and a stepwise method is used to apply the framework with real data sets to find the optimal model.Experimental studies show that the obtained new model can provide better performance of fitting and prediction compared with other traditional SRGMs.
文摘As a consequence of the collision of India with Asia, the Qilian Shan, rising 4000～5000m above the Gobi, marks the northeastern boundary of the Tibet—Qinghai Plateau. The Qilian Shan developed as a WNW—ESE fold\|and\|thrust belt with most of the movement directed towards the NEN—NE. Its foreland margin, the Jiuxi Basin, accommodates thick sequences of Late Cenozoic alluvial sediments derived from the Qilian Shan. Thin\|skinned fold\|and\|thrust deformation in the Jiuxi basin flanking the Qilian Shan, feature Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary rocks that have been detached from the underlying basal decollement and folded into a series of NW—WNW trending anticlines and synclines. Towards the south deformation in the Jiuxi basin is accommodated by a west\|north\|west fold train (Qingcaowan, Laojunmiao, and Shiyougou folds) developed during the Quaternary. These form a distinct topographic feature separating the Qilian Shan from the central Jiuxi Basin. The doubly plunging Laojunmiao anticline is 10km long and 5km wide. It is asymmetric in shape, having a steep to overturned northern limb, and a backlimb dips to the south at 20～30°. The Laojunmiao anticline is composed of two distinct stratigraphic sequences which are defined by a syntectonic unconformity.
