摘要
在改革开放的背景下,随着人民公社制度的取消和家庭联产承包责任制的开展,户籍制度开始松动,释放了一批原来被固定在土地上的农村劳动力。同时,城市中出现大批外商直接投资企业和私营企业,再加上国企改革的浪潮,这些企业都对劳动力的供给提出了数量上的新需求。在制度的推动和资本的夹击下,农民逐渐离开乡土来到城市谋生,被卷入资本关系中成为雇佣劳动者,成为农民工。根据马克思的阶级理论,我国的农民工阶级只是一个自在阶级尚未形成自为阶级,农村释放出来的自由劳动者涌入城市,被不同所有制类型的企业雇佣,最终形成庞大的农民工阶级。
Under the background of reform and opening, with the cancellation of the People’s Commune system and the development of the household contract responsibility system, the household registration system began to loosen, releasing a number of rural labor forces originally fixed on the land. At the same time, the emergence of a large number of foreign-invested enterprises and private enterprises in cities, coupled with the wave of state-owned enterprise reform;these enterprises had put forward a new demand for labor supply in quantity. Under the impetus of the system and the attack of capital, farmers gradually left the countryside to make a living in the city, and became hired laborers and migrant workers involved in the capital relationship. According to Marx’s class theory, the class of migrant workers in China is only the spontaneous class and has not yet formed a conscious class. Free workers released from rural areas flooded into cities and were hired by enterprises of different ownership types, eventually forming a huge class of migrant workers.
出处
《社会科学前沿》
2021年第11期3177-3181,共5页
Advances in Social Sciences
