摘要
通过不同年代海图或地形图对比、不同年代的卫片对比、野外地质调查、不同年代潮滩剖面测量及对比等，研究了现代黄河三角洲海岸带不同时期的冲淤速率及其发展演化趋势。黄河尾闾 1996 年 6 月进行人工改道向东流入海，开始堆积现代黄河三角洲的第11 个叶瓣，推测这次改道可能是第 3 个亚三角洲形成的开始，使黄河三角洲的发展呈第一、第二、第三亚三角洲逐次向东偏北方向推进之势。现代黄河三角洲及莱州湾海岸带可分成 7 个冲淤状态不同的岸段：大口河至顺江沟岸段为相对稳定海岸段；顺江沟至挑河口岸段为弱蚀退岸段；挑河口至 106 站岸段为强蚀退岸段；106 站至孤东油田段为石堤护岸强制稳定海岸段；孤东油田至大汶流海堡岸段为强淤进岸段；大汶流海堡至淄脉沟岸段为弱淤进海岸段；淄脉沟口至胶莱河口岸段为稳定海岸段。预测 10 a 内，各海岸段的冲淤状态基本保持不变，但各海岸段的蚀退或淤进速率有逐渐减缓之趋势。人类活动对岸线的变迁有明显影响。
This paper studies erosion and deposition rates and developmental evolution of the modern Yellow River delta coast in different periods, based on comparisons of nautical charts, topographic maps, satellite photographs and air photographs of different times as well as field surveys and tidal flat profiles. In June 1996, Yellow River's terminal course was artificially turned eastwards to empty into the sea and then the 11th lobe of the modern river delta began to form. This course change may mark the beginning of the 3rd subdelta formation. As a result of that, the Yellow River delta advances towards east by north with the 1st, 2nd and 3rd subdeltas arranging in succession. Coast zone in the deltaic area is divided into 7 different sections: relatively stable section from Dakou River to Shunjiang Stream, weakly retreating section from Shunjiang Stream to Tiaohe River mouth, strongly retreating section from Tiaohe River mouth to station 106, artificially stable section due to stone dam protection from station 106 to Gudong Oilfield, strong deposition section from Gudong Oilfield to Dawenliu Haipu, weakly deposition section from Dawenliu Haipu to Zimai Stream mouth, and stable section from Zimai Stream mouth to Jiaolai River mouth. It is predicted that the erosion and deposition situation of the sections will nearly remain the same in 10 years, but retreating and silting-up rates will tend to become slower gradually. Human activities have an evident influence on the changes of the coastline.
出处
《海洋通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第2期32-40,共9页
Marine Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(49476282)
山东省自然科学基金项目(98E04075)资助
关键词
冲淤速率
海岸演化
现代黄河三角洲
亚三角洲
海岸治理
erosion and deposition rates
coast evolution
modern Yellow River delta
coast control
