摘要
对莲属美洲黄莲和莲的3个品种的核型分析、染色体组分析和间期核银染,研究了莲属两个种的系统关系。莲属两个种(包括品种)的核型大致近似,均有2对具随体染色体。莲属两个种的减数分裂均正常;仅在莲的不同品种中,看到极少数早分离和落后染色体等异常现象。美洲黄莲和莲不同品种之间的正反交杂种F_1减数分裂规则,中期Ⅰ染色体构型为8Ⅱ,仅见到少数落后染色体、染色体桥和微核等异常现象,杂种结实率正常,且与莲不同品种的结实率呈正相关。杂种F_1间期核的最多核仁数是其亲本间期核的最多核仁数之和,证明莲属两个种之间不存在NOR竞争或抑制现象。莲属两个种之间不存在生殖隔离,仅存在地理隔离,因此把美洲黄莲作为莲的一个亚种处理,也许较目前作为两个独立的种更为恰当。
The biosystematic relationship between two species of Nelumbo Adans.was studied by the method of karyotype analysis,genome analysis and silver-staining of interphase neclei in Nelumbo lutea Pers. and 3 cultivars of N. nucifera Gaertn. The karyotype of the two species (included cultivars ) of Nelumbo were roughly the same,double chromosome with satellite were observed.Meiosis of Nelumbo was normal 5 and chromosome pattern was 8 Ⅱ; and few abnormalities , such as precocious segregation of bivalents at metaphase Ⅰ and lagging of bivalents at anaphase Ⅰ , were only observed in the different cultivars of N.nucifera. The reciprocal F_1 hybrids between N. lutea × N. nucifera showed regular chromosome pairing in meiosis; and chromosome pairing pattern was almost 8Ⅱ;and few abnormalities like lagging chromosome,chroma-tid bridges and micronuclei were only observed;and the seed ratio was normal; being postively interrelated with the seed ratio of the different cultivars of N. nucifera. The maxium nucleoli numbers in inter-phase nuclei of F_1 hybrid were the sum of the maximum nucleoli numbers in interphase nuclei of the two parents. This indicated that there were no NOR competition or restraint between two Nelumbo species. There exists only geographical isolation, but no reproductive isolation between two Nelumbo species. It would be reasonable to consider N. slutea as a subspecies of N. nucifera. Then the lutea name of this subspecies is. Nelubmo nucifera Gaertn. ssp. lutea (.Pers. ) CHH, comb.nov.
出处
《园艺学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1992年第2期164-170,共7页
Acta Horticulturae Sinica
关键词
莲属
品种
杂种
核型
染色体
银染
Nelumbo Adans.
Cultivars
Hybrid
Karyotype
Genome analysis
Silver-staining
