摘要
校长在学校改革中的重要性已经被广泛认同,但是很少有人研究过校长本人对教育目的和办学目标所持有的基本信念,以及这些信念如何影响了他们在改革过程中的作用。文章引用在中美校长培训和比较研究项目中所收集的数据,详细地阐述了校长对教育与办学所持有的信仰和观念,对学校改革和在改革中的作用的看法,以及他们对21世纪理想学校的愿景。尽管中美校长的观念与愿景有相似之处,但是其差异之处却反映出两国改革方向与路径的不同。当美国教育政策制定者忙于为中小学生设立统一的课程标准,研制并要求各学校使用更为标准化的考试的时候,中国的教育改革家们却力图减少全国统一标准和高考给教师和学生带来的压力,增强素质教育,减少应试教育,并注意发展每个学生个体的兴趣与潜能。中美教育改革的发展方向在某些方面正好相反,这是令人深思的问题。中美教育工作者可以从比较教育研究的结果中吸取有益的经验和教训,避免走对方走过的弯路,发展最适合本国学生的优质和平等教育。
The importance of principals to school improvement has been widely recognized, but few studies have focused on principals' own perceptions of school change and their special roles in reform. This article reports findings from a comparative survey study of American and Chinese school principals ' basic beliefs regarding education and schooling, their views on school reform and the role of the principal in reform, and their visions of ideal schools in the 21 st century. Although similarities exist in their perceptions, there are striking contrasts between the American and Chinese views and visions, which point to quite different directions and paths of reform in the two nations. While Americans are busy constructing common standards, developing and using more standardized tests for all students, and moving toward standards-based school reform, the Chinese seem to desire just the opposite-deconstructing uniform standards, moving away from the pressures of national exams, and focusing more on the interests and potentials of each individual student, a goal that has been largely ignored in the past in the Chinese culture and schools.
出处
《教育学术月刊》
北大核心
2015年第7期3-12 63,63,共11页
Education Research Monthly
关键词
中美校长
比较研究
学校管理
学校改革
学校愿景
American and Chinese principals,comparative analysis,school management,school reform,ideal schools
