摘要
2015年8月,《海洋法公约》附件七下的仲裁庭就荷兰诉俄罗斯北极日出号案作出的实体裁决首次对于专属经济区中沿海国的执法权及其所受到的限制进行了系统而明确的解释,特别是仲裁庭对沿海国在专属经济区严格意义上的执法权与广义上的执法权进行了区分,并突破性地明确了沿海国为保护其对非生物资源勘探、开发及利用的主权权利享有执法权。表明《海洋法公约》虽未对专属经济区与大陆架上的执法问题进行面面俱到的规定,但是沿海国仍可为了保护其主权权利与利益享有执法权。这对于中国作为沿海国如何在南海、东海等海域的专属经济区行使执法权并处理好与非沿海国的权利冲突及中国作为非沿海国在别国的专属经济区如何保障自己的海洋权益具有极强的参考价值。
In August 2015,the Tribunal constituted under Annex Ⅶ of the UNCLOS in the matter of the Arctic Sunrise Arbitration between the Netherlands and Russia has rendered its Award on the merits,which includes many valuable interpretations on provisions of UNCLOS.At the first time,the tribunal makes a clear and general interpretation on the rights to enforcement of law by coastal states over its EEZ.In particular,the tribunal categorizes the rights of law enforcement of the coastal state in the exclusive economic zones form the strict and the broad ways,and clarifies that the coastal state can exercise the rights of law enforcement to protect its sovereign rights and interests concerning non-living resources in the EEZ,although UNCLOS does not explicitly stipulate it.Certainly,This case has significance on issues between China and non-coastal States in China's EEZ,for instance,the EEZ of South China Sea and East China Sea.
出处
《武大国际法评论》
2017年第3期144-157,共14页
Wuhan University International Law Review
基金
2015年教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题"南海地区安全合作机制研究"(项目号:15JZD036)的阶段性成果之一
关键词
专属经济区
执法权
船旗国管辖
航行自由
exclusive economic zone
freedom of navigation
rights of law enforcement
jurisdiction of flag state
