摘要
根据生成语法中的X阶标理论(X-bartheory),任何短语和句子都是向心结构(endocentric),都有一个中心语(head),中心语前面有一个标志语(specifier),后面带有补语(complement)。否定词not是一个自由句法词汇,总是要插入到所在简单句的某个位置上。因此由not构成的各种N-结构是以not为标志语,各类AP,NP,VP为中心语的结构。否定标记词于是就具有了限定否定范围的句法作用。否定焦点是在否定范围内,实际被否定的成分,它是句子语义的重心所在。除受否定标记词的限定外,也受语境预设的影响。
According to X-bar theory in GB, the hierarchical structure of any phrase or any sentence is endocentric with a head in the middle, a specifier in the front and a complement after it. So all the N-structure is the structure with the specifier Not and its corresponding complements (AP, NP, VP, etc.). Thus, the negative marker or negative specifier serves to confine the negative scope and negative focus within it. As negative focus semantically represents the meaning of the sentence, the pragmatic context, in turn, influences the identification of negative focus.
出处
《湘潭大学社会科学学报》
2003年第6期162-163,共2页
Social Science Journal of Xiangtan University
关键词
否定范围
英语
否定句
否定标记词
句法
语用
negative scope
negative focus
negative marker pragmatic
context syntactic
structure
