摘要
黑土因其肥沃而闻名 ,但其退化和水土流失问题往往易被忽略。虽然在人类影响下的现代环境过程开始较晚 ,但黑土区的环境已发生了较大的变化。对黑土水土流失的现状进行了评价 ,指出了黑土保育治理的必要性与紧迫性 ,提出了治理保育措施。
Black soils[Pachic Udic Haplobarolls(ST,1996),Haplic Phaeozems(FAO/Unesco)]are the most fertile ones in China,but they are suffering from deterioration, which includes water loss and soil erosion. The landform of black soils is undulated peneplain so that the soil is easy to be eroded. In this paper, the authors propose three antierosion measures:1)Slope erosion prevention includes two parts, the first part is changing the aspect of the ridges of the land from slanting or parallel to vertical to horizontal direction, if the slope is less than 4 degrees; the second part is that if the slope is bigger than 4 degrees, the terrace should be made to avoid erosion.2)Gully control includes building gully head embankment or dyke or even small reservoir, planting trees and grasses in the middle part; ducks, gooses, fishes and frogs could be raised in the pools or reservoirs to increase the economic efficiency.3)Planting trees to make forest prevent wind and erosion. The authors also suggest that the management should be improved, the present situation is that there are laws in China protecting the crop land, but the laws can only protect the crop land quantatively.To guarantee the quality of the crop land, thorough study should be made, and the monitoring organization should be established.
出处
《地理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第3期361-365,共5页
Scientia Geographica Sinica
基金
中国科学院知识创新项目 (项目编号 :KZCX1-SW -19-3 -0 1)
关键词
黑土
水土流失
保育治理
black soil
water and soil loss
water and soil conservation
