摘要
目的了解中小学生视力不良和学校教室环境卫生现况。方法通过现场调查中卫市2个县(区)内的7所中小学校学生视力不良患病情况和教室环境卫生状况,分析不同年级、地区和性别视力不良患病率的差异及学校教室环境卫生状况对视力不良的影响。结果中卫市中小学生视力不良检出率为59.2%。随着年级的增长,视力不良率逐渐增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);郊县高于城市(P<0.05),女生高于男生(P<0.05)。调查的不同年级教室环境卫生指标中,小学教室的黑板反射比、黑板面平均照度、课桌面平均照度合格率较低,分别为8.3%、25.0%和25.5%,而高中教室的人均面积合格率较低,仅为33.3%。黑板反射比和课桌面照度均匀度是视力不良形成的危险因素,OR值分别为1.485和1.365。结论中卫市中小学生视力不良检出率较高,建议相关部门加强针对中小学生的健康教育和媒体宣传,提高学校和家庭对用眼卫生相关知识的认知,减少视力不良的发生。
Objective To understand relationship between present situation of poor vision and school classroom environment hygiene.Methods Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences of poor vision among students of different grades,regions and genders through investigation prevalence rate of poor vision and classroom environment hygiene in seven primary and secondary schools in two counties of Zhongwei,and logistic regression was used to analyze the effect of classroom environment hygiene on poor vision.Results The total detection rate of poor vision of primary and middle school students in Zhongwei city was 59.2%.The rate of poor vision gradually increased with grade growth,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Suburban counties were higher than that in cities(P<0.05),and girls were higher than that in boys(P<0.05).In the survey of classroom environmental hygiene of different grades,the average illumination ratio of the blackboard,the average illumination of the blackboard and the average illumination of the desk surface in primary schools were lower,at 8.3%,25.0%and 25.5%respectively,while the average area of the classroom in senior high schools was lower.Chalkboard reflectance and desk lighting uniformity were risk factors for poor vision,with OR of 1.485 and 1.365,respectively.Conclusion It is suggested that relevant departments should strengthen health education and media publicity for primary and secondary school students,improve school and family’s awareness of eye-hygiene knowledge,and prevent the occurrence of impaired vision.
作者
高伟艳
段晓娟
邢月华
褚治飞
李雪
GAO Weiyan;DUAN Xiaojuan;XING Yuehua;CHU Zhifei;LI Xue(Zhongwei Institutes of Health Supervision,Zhongwei 755000,China;Zhongwei Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Zhongwei 755000,China)
出处
《宁夏医学杂志》
CAS
2019年第3期239-241,共3页
Ningxia Medical Journal
关键词
中小学生
视力不良
教室
照明
Primary and middle school students
Poor vision
classroom
Lighting
