摘要
【目的】探究饲粮中氯化铵添加水平对藏羊肝脏组织形态和肝脏代谢的影响,为藏羊饲粮氯化铵适宜添加水平的核定提供参考。【方法】选取体重相近(16.22 kg±1.01 kg)、健康状况良好的2月龄早期断奶藏羊母羔80只,采用单因素随机试验设计,将羔羊分为4组,每组20只。各组羔羊饲粮中氯化铵添加量分别为0(CON组)、1.49%(NH1组)、2.24%(NH2组)和3.01%(NH3组)。试验期共105 d,其中预饲期为15 d,正式试验期为90 d。饲养试验结束后,每组随机选择5只羔羊屠宰,采集肝小叶用于肝脏组织形态学观察;另取适量肝脏组织样用于代谢组学分析。【结果】①CON和NH1组藏羊肝细胞组织结构正常,肝脏细胞以中央静脉为中心向周围放射状排列,排列整齐,细胞核大而圆,居中,肝血窦排列规则紧密;NH2和NH3组肝细胞汇管区出现炎性细胞浸润,肝板之间的肝血窦排列不规律,肝索形态不规则,界限不清晰;②CON组与NH1、NH2和NH3组之间共有308个差异代谢物,其显著富集在嘌呤代谢、β-丙氨酸代谢、戊糖和葡萄糖醛酸的相互转化通路(P<0.05);当饲粮中氯化铵添加水平为1.49%时,差异代谢物显著富集在嘌呤代谢等代谢通路(P<0.05);当饲粮中氯化铵添加水平为2.24%时,差异代谢物显著富集在次级胆汁酸的生物合成等代谢通路(P<0.05);当饲粮中氯化铵添加水平为3.01%时,差异代谢物显著富集在多样环境中的微生物代谢通路(P<0.05)。【结论】在本试验条件下,饲粮中添加氯化铵主要影响藏羊肝脏的核苷酸代谢、糖代谢和脂质代谢。当饲粮中氯化铵添加水平≥2.24%时,可能会引发藏羊肝脏的炎症反应,且对肝脏正常生理功能造成不良影响。
【Objective】This study aimed to investigate the effects of different dietary ammonium chloride levels on the hepatic histomorphology and metabolism of Tibetan sheep,and expected to provide a scientific basis for determining the optimal dietary ammonium chloride level for Tibetan sheep.【Method】A total of 80 healthy,2-month-old weaned female Tibetan lambs with similar body weight(16.22 kg±1.01 kg)were selected and randomly assigned to four groups(20 lambs per group),with dietary ammonium chloride levels set at 0(CON group),1.49%(NH1 group),2.24%(NH2 group),and 3.01%(NH3 group),respectively.The experiment lasted for 105 days,including a 15-day preliminary period and a 90-day formal period.After the trial,five lambs were randomly selected from each group for slaughter.Hepatic lobules were collected for histomorphological observation.The remaining hepatic samples were stored for subsequent metabolomics analysis.【Result】①The histomorphological results indicated that the hepatic cells in the CON and NH1 groups exhibited normal structure,radiating from the central vein,well-arranged,with large,round nuclei centrally located,and regular,closely-packed hepatic sinusoids.In contrast,in the NH2 and NH3 groups,inflammatory cells infiltrated the portal areas,and the hepatic sinusoids and hepatic cords were irregularly arranged and indistinct.②There were 308 differential metabolites between the CON group and the NH1,NH2 and NH3 groups,which were significantly enriched in purine metabolism,β-alanine metabolism,and the interconversion of pentoses and glucuronates(P<0.05).When the dietary ammonium chloride level was 1.49%,the differential metabolites were significantly enriched in purine metabolism and other metabolic pathways(P<0.05).When the dietary ammonium chloride level was 2.24%,the differential metabolites were significantly enriched in the biosynthesis of secondary bile acids and other metabolic pathways(P<0.05).When the dietary ammonium chloride level was 3.01%,the differential metabolites were significantly enriched in the pathways of microbial metabolism in diverse environments(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Under the conditions of this experiment,dietary ammonium chloride primarily affected nucleotide metabolism,glucose metabolism,and lipid metabolism in the hepatic of Tibetan sheep.Notably,when the dietary ammonium chloride level exceeds 2.24%,it could trigger an inflammatory response in the hepatic of Tibetan sheep,which might adversely impact the normal physiological functions of the hepatic.
作者
马青玲
包高良
王志有
桂林生
侯生珍
杨超
MA Qingling;BAO Gaoliang;WANG Zhiyou;GUI Linsheng;HOU Shengzhen;YANG Chao(State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《中国畜牧兽医》
北大核心
2025年第10期4697-4708,共12页
China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
基金
青海省科技厅“帅才科学家负责制”项目(2022NK169)。
关键词
氯化铵
藏羊
肝脏组织形态
代谢组学
ammonium chloride
Tibetan sheep
hepatic histomorphology
metabolomics
作者简介
马青玲,E-mail:2923161984@qq.com;通信作者:杨超,E-mail:yangchaocas@126.com。
