摘要
【目的】探究油茶杂交子代叶片光合特性与形态结构,为选育高光效油茶种质提供理论依据。【方法】从‘攸杂2’与‘华鑫’的子代群体中筛选出35株子代为试材,对其叶片光合特性和形态结构进行测定,并采用方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析、主成分分析等方法对叶片光合特性与形态结构进行比较分析与评价。【结果】1)子代个体的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率差异较大,4个指标的变异系数均高于20%;子代个体的叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量存在明显差异,变异系数均高于10%。2)叶片面积、角质层厚度、上表皮厚度、栅海比等指标变异较大,变异系数为15.36%~19.66%,其中栅海比的变异系数最大,为19.66%。3)相关性分析结果显示,叶片光合特性的10个指标均具有相关性,其中,净光合速率与气孔导度、蒸腾速率相关性较强,气孔导度与蒸腾速率相关性较强,蒸腾速率与水分利用效率相关性较强;栅栏组织厚度与净光合速率、叶绿素含量、蒸腾速率呈正相关。4)K-means聚类分析结果显示,第Ⅰ类群水分利用率高,但光能利用效率与光合潜力低;第Ⅱ类群叶片厚度最大,叶片各类组织结构排名较高,水分保持能力和抗病性较强;第Ⅲ类群叶片单位面积气孔数量多,气体交换能力强;第Ⅳ类群光能利用效率和光合潜力高。5)光合特性主成分分析结果显示,35株油茶杂交子代中综合得分排名前3的油茶杂交子代单株为YX-63、YX-47、YX-115,YX-63的综合得分最高,光合性能最优。【结论】油茶杂交子代之间叶片光合特性与形态结构变异丰富。YX-63、YX-47、YX-115的光能利用效率和光合潜力高。
【Objective】To explore the photosynthetic characteristics and leaf morphological structure of Camellia oleifera hybrid offspring and provide a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of high-light-efficiency camellia germplasm.【Method】35 offspring were initially selected as test materials from the offspring groups of‘Youza 2’and‘Huaxin’.Determination of photosynthetic characteristics and morphological structure of leaves of hybrid offspring.And use analysis of variance,correlation analysis,clustering analysis,principal component analysis and other methods to compare,analyze and evaluate the photosynthetic characteristics and morphological structure of leaves【Result】The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,and water use efficiency of offspring individuals varied greatly,and the coefficients of variation of the four indicators were all higher than 20%.There were significant differences in the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of the offspring individuals,and the coefficients of variation were all higher than 10%;2)The leaf area,cuticle thickness,upper epidermis thickness,and ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue had large variations,with coefficients of variation ranging from 15.36%to 19.66%,among which the coefficient of variation of the ratio of ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue was the largest at 19.66%;3)The correlation results showed that all 10 indicators of leaf photosynthetic characteristics were correlated;the net photosynthetic rate was strongly correlated with stomatal conductance and transpiration rate,and the stomatal conductance was strongly correlated with transpiration rate.The transpiration rate was strongly correlated with water use efficiency;the thickness of palisade tissue was positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content,and transpiration rate;4)The results of K-means cluster analysis showed that the water utilization rate of group I was high,but the light energy utilization efficiency and photosynthetic potential were low;the leaves of group II were the thickest,and the various tissue structures of the leaves ranked higher,with strong water retention capacity and disease resistance;the number of stomata per unit area of leaves in group III was large,and the gas exchange capacity was strong;the light energy utilization efficiency and photosynthetic potential of group IV were higher;5)The results of principal component analysis of photosynthetic characteristics showed that among the 35 hybrid progeny the top three in terms of comprehensive scores were YX-63,YX-47 and YX-115.YX-63 had the highest comprehensive score and the best photosynthetic performance.【Conclusion】There were rich variations in leaf photosynthetic characteristics and morphological structures among hybrid offspring;YX-63,YX-47 and YX-115 had higher light energy utilization efficiency and photosynthetic potential.
作者
郭财源
李艳民
胡观兴
袁德义
范晓明
GUO Caiyuan;LI Yanmin;HU Guanxing;YUAN Deyi;FAN Xiaoming(Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-wood Forest Trees Ministry of Education,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期59-70,共12页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
湖南省2024年度十大技术攻关项目(2024NK1020)。
关键词
油茶
杂交子代
光合特性
叶片解剖
Camellia oleifera
hybrid offspring
photosynthetic characteristics
leaf anatomy
作者简介
第一作者:郭财源(1941265167@qq.com),硕士研究生;通信作者:袁德义(yuan-deyi@163.com),教授,博士,博士研究生导师。
