摘要
环境中普遍存在的有毒元素砷(As)、锑(Sb)在土壤中富集累积造成的污染问题日益严峻,严重威胁农业安全与人体健康。然而,关于As、Sb污染土壤的修复技术众多,不同的技术有着不同特点,其中改良剂原位钝化因高效快速、成本低及操作简单等特点被广泛应用。为全面了解不同改良剂对As、Sb污染土壤的修复研究进展,本研究系统梳理了As、Sb污染土壤修复常用改良剂,重点探讨其修复效果与作用机制。研究发现,常用改良剂(石灰、黏土矿物、金属及其氧化物、生物炭、腐殖酸)通过吸附、沉淀、氧化还原与配位等作用改变土壤中As、Sb赋存形态,降低其迁移性。然而,改良剂无法根除土壤As、Sb,且存在二次活化的风险。因此,针对不同土壤背景(如pH、污染程度),研发适配性强、稳定性高、环保且经济的改良剂(如纳米铁锰氧化物、生物炭-微生物复合材料等),仍是未来研究的重点方向,对推动As、Sb污染土壤安全利用与生态恢复有重要意义。
Arsenic(As)and antimony(Sb),which are toxic elements commonly found in the environment,have become increasingly serious pollution problems caused by enrichment and accumulation in soil,seriously threatening agricultural safety and human health.However,there are many remediation technologies for As and Sb contaminated soil,and different technologies have different characteristics,among which in-situ passivation with amendments is widely used due to its high efficiency,rapidity,low cost and simple operation.In order to comprehensively understand the progress of the remediation of As and Sb contaminated soil by different amendments,this study systematically explored the commonly used amendments for the remediation of As and Sb contaminated soil,focusing on their remediation effects and mechanisms.It was found that the commonly used amendments(lime,clay minerals,metals and their oxides,biochar,humic acid)can change the As and Sb distribution pattern in the soil through adsorption,precipitation,redox and coordination,and reduce their mobility.However,amendments cannot eradicate soil As and Sb,and there is a risk of secondary activation.Therefore,the development of ameliorators(e.g.,Fe-Mn oxide nanoparticles,biochar-microbial composites,etc.)that are highly adaptable,stable,environmentally friendly,and economical for different soil backgrounds(e.g.,pH,degree of contamination)is still a key direction for future research,which is of great significance in promoting the safe utilization and ecological recovery of As and Sb contaminated soils.
作者
何雪莲
梁凌
韦超前
段明宇
HE Xuelian;LIANG Ling;WEI Chaoqian;DUAN Mingyu(Guizhou Environmental Engineering Assessment Center,Guiyang 550002;Guizhou Lvxing Qingyuan Environmental Protection Ltd.,Co.,Guiyang 550002)
出处
《环保科技》
2025年第4期57-64,共8页
Environmental Protection and Technology
基金
“贵州省环境污染第三方治理的现状调查及问题研究”贵州省生态环境厅环境科技项目资助。
关键词
土壤砷锑污染
土壤改良剂
机理
修复效果
soil arsenic-antimony contamination
soil amendment
mechanism
remediation effect
作者简介
第一作者:何雪莲(1985-),女,学士,高级工程师,从事环境政策与管理工作。;通信作者:韦超前(1986-),男,硕士研究生,正高级工程师,从事土壤重金属污染防治技术研究。E-mail:594217114@qq.com。
