摘要
文章以工业废渣、矿物材料和磷酸盐材料为基础材料,逐步开展单一重金属稳定化实验(实验Ⅰ)、复合重金属稳定化实验(实验Ⅱ)及污染土壤重金属稳定化验证实验(实验Ⅲ)。实验Ⅰ中,工业废渣稳定效果最佳,对重金属Pb、Zn、Cd的去除率均超过93%;工业废渣与重金属溶液反应后的上清液p H值升高明显,平均增幅5左右。实验Ⅱ中,复配固化剂可实现对重金属Pb、Zn、Cd的同时去除,Pb、Zn和Cd的去除率分别为88.29%~99.95%、40.73%~99.46%和14.80%~98.35%;复合重金属溶液与药剂反应后,除S13~S16组外,上清液pH值略升高;不同比例复配固化剂对复合溶液重金属的去除率有所差异,沉淀中矿物种类和衍射峰强度略有差异;Cd2+倾向于与PO43-形成沉淀,复配固化剂和重金属生成一系列在中性环境难溶或者微溶于水的沉淀;与实验Ⅰ产物特征相比,复配固化剂与复合重金属反应后无明显的羟基硝酸铅矿物相生成。实验Ⅲ中,1#固化剂对土壤的p H值改变较小,2#固化剂对土壤中重金属的固化效果优于1#固化剂;对所挑选的3种重金属的固化效率均高于85%的试块进行重金属形态分析,试块中重金属固化效果明显,但残渣态比例偏小;1#固化剂适合于中性和近中性的土壤,2#固化剂适合于偏酸性或酸性土壤,可同步实现调节土壤pH和稳定化重金属。
In this paper,industrial waste residue,mineral material and phosphate material are utilized as basic materials to gradually conduct a series of experiments,including experiment of single heavy metal stabilization(experimentⅠ),experiment of compound heavy metals stabilization(experimentⅡ)and verification research for stabilization of heavy metals in contaminated soils(experimentⅢ).In experimentⅠ,industrial waste residue possesses highest removal percentage of heavy metals,removal percentages of Pb,Zn,and Cd are all above 93%.After reaction between industrial waste residue and heavy metal solution,all p H value of the supernatant increase significantly,with an average increase of about 5.In experimentⅡ,compound curing agent can achieve the simultaneous removal of three kinds of heavy metals.Removal percentages of Pb,Zn and Cd are 88.29%~99.95%,40.73%~99.46%and 14.80%~98.35%,respectively.After reaction between compound curing agent and heavy metals solution,except for S13~S16 group,pH value of the supernatant slightly increases.Removal percentages of heavy metals,categories of minerals in the precipitate and intensity of mineral diffraction peaks vary with composition of compound curing agent.Cd2+tends to form phosphate precipitate with PO43-,and the reaction between compound curing agent and heavy metals will generate a series of precipitates that are hardly soluble or slightly soluble in water in a neutral environment.Compared with the characteristic of precipitate generated in experimentⅠ,no obvious lead nitrate hydroxide mineral phase generates during reaction of compound curing agent with the compound heavy metals.In experimentⅢ,1#curing agent has little influence on soil pH value,and the stabilization efficiency of heavy metals in contaminated soils using2#compound curing agent is better than those using 1#compound curing agent.The test specimens with stabilization efficiency of heavy metals all higher than 85%are selected for BCR sequential extraction.Stabilization efficiency of the heavy metals in the test specimens is obvious,but the residual state ratio is relatively low.1#compound curing agent is suitable for neutral and near-neutral soil;2#compound curing agent is suitable for the contaminated soils under acidic to near-neutral conditions,and simultaneously adjusts soil p H and stabilizes heavy metals.
作者
李寅明
李春萍
战佳宇
刘鹏飞
李瑞
黄乐
LI Yinming;LI Chunping;ZHAN Jiayu;LIU Pengfei;LI Rui;HUANG Le(State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials,Beijing Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research,Beijing 100041,China;Beijing Building Materials Testing Academy Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100041,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期1-15,共15页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划子课题:大宗固废制备绿色建材的环境评价体系研究(2017YFC0703206)
国家重点研发计划子课题:典型工业固废资源化快速测评技术及模块化平台开发(2018YFC1903602)
关键词
重金属
污染土壤
稳定化
工业废渣
复配固化剂
heavy metal
contaminated soil
stabilization
industrial waste residue
compound curing agent
作者简介
李寅明(1986-),男,高级工程师,博士,主要从事于固体废弃物资源化利用及水泥窑协同处置废弃物研究,(电子信箱)liyinming1986@163.com;通讯作者:李春萍,(电子信箱)lichp-xj@163.com。
