摘要
本研究以海南文昌航天发射场辐射范围10 km内的6种典型人工林类型为研究对象,设置固定样地,研究航天发射活动对不同森林类型表层土壤性质的短期效应。结果表明:与航天发射前相比,发射后24 h内,6个固定样地的表层土壤pH均有不同程度的增加,增加范围为0.09~0.43个百分点,但均未达到显著水平(P<0.05)。有机质在椰子林表层土壤中显著增加,增幅为24.93%,其他5种森林类型无显著变化,全氮在6种森林类型间均无显著变化。有效磷在湿加松人工林表层土壤显著降低,降幅为20.8%,其他5种森林类型无显著变化;速效钾在木麻黄人工林表层土壤显著降低,降幅为38.3%,其他5种森林类型无显著变化。航天发射对表层土壤硝态氮和铵态氮影响较大,其中,航天发射后木麻黄林和椰子林表层土壤硝态氮含量显著增加,增幅分别为50.2%和35.2%;木麻黄林、椰子林、次生林、混交林和半红树林表层土壤铵态氮含量显著增加,增幅分别为89.1%、111.9%、39.1%、57.5%和66.9%。依据样地监测结果,建议进一步加强对航天发射场缓冲区土壤、植被的长期监测。
This study took six typical artificial forest types within a 10 km radiation range of the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan as the research objects,setting fixed plots to study the short-term effects of space launch activities on the characteristics of surface soil of different forest types.The results showed that compared with before the space launch,the surface soil pH of all six fixed plots increased by different degrees within 24 hours after the launch,with an increasing range of 0.09 to 0.43 percentage points,but none of them reached a significant level(p<0.05).The organic matter in the coconut forest surface soil showed a significant increase,with an increase of 24.93%,while there was no significant change in five other forest types.There was no significant change in total nitrogen among all six forest types.The available phosphorus in the wet cedar artificial forest surface soil showed a significant decrease,with a decrease of 20.8%,while there was no significant change in the other five forest types;the available potassium in the casuarina artificial forest surface soil showed a significant decrease,with a decrease of 38.3%,while there was no significant change in the other five forest types.The space launch had a greater impact on the surface soil nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen.Among them,the surface soil nitrate nitrogen content of the casuarina forest and coconut forest showed a significant increase after the space launch,with an increase of 50.2%and 35.2%,respectively.The surface soil ammonium nitrogen content of the casuarina forest,coconut forest,secondary forest,mixed forest,and semi-red mangrove forest showed a significant increase,with an increase of 89.1%,111.9%,39.1%,57.5%,and 66.6%,respectively.Based on the monitoring results of the fixed plots,it is suggested to further strengthen the long-term monitoring of soil and vegetation in the buffer zone of the space launch site.
作者
张铸三
符芳裕
Zhang Zhusan;Fu Fangyu(Baolong Forest Farm,Hainan Province,Sanya 572000,China;Hainan Zhengyu Forestry Planning and Design Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Haikou 571100,China)
出处
《广东化工》
2025年第16期138-140,71,共4页
Guangdong Chemical Industry
关键词
航天发射
缓冲区
人工林
土壤性质
space launch
buffer area
plantation forest
soil property
作者简介
张铸三(1984-),男,湖南长沙人,硕士,林业工程师,主要从事林业科研工作;通讯作者:符芳裕。
