摘要
目的:了解建筑企业员工工作压力、职业倦怠、心理健康的基本状况,以职业倦怠为中介变量,探讨工作压力对心理健康的影响,为提高建筑企业员工心理健康水平提供建议。方法:2024年1-3月,对甘肃省某建筑企业员工进行问卷调查,共计388份有效问卷。采用PSS量表、MBI-GS量表、GHQ-12量表分别对建筑企业员工的工作压力、职业倦怠、心理健康水平进行调查,并检验职业倦怠在工作压力与心理健康间的中介作用。结果:研究对象的总体工作压力、职业倦怠、心理健康得分的M(P25,P75)分别为26.00(21.00,28.75)分、33.00(23.00,42.00)分、1.00(1.00,3.00)分。工作压力发生率为51.03%(198/388),职业倦怠发生率为55.93%(217/388),心理健康异常检出率为30.15%(117/388),且心理健康焦虑抑郁维度得分较高,M(P25,P75)为1.00(1.00,2.00)。Spearman相关分析结果显示,工作压力、职业倦怠与员工心理健康之间呈负相关(r=-0.513,-0.494;P<0.05),工作压力与职业倦怠之间呈正相关(r=0.699,P<0.05)。控制一般人口学特征变量后,Bootstrap检验结果表明,职业倦怠在工作压力与心理健康之间起部分中介作用,中介效应值为-0.062(95%CI:-0.091~-0.034),总中介效应贡献率为49.21%。结论:建筑企业员工的心理健康问题检出率相对不高,但焦虑抑郁水平较高;工作压力负向预测员工的心理健康,职业倦怠在工作压力与心理健康之间起部分中介作用。
Objective:To understand the basic conditions of job stress,job burnout,and mental health among employees in construction enterprises.It also explores the impact of job stress on mental health,using job burnout as a mediating variable,to provide suggestions for improving the mental health levels of construction enterprise employees.Methods:From January to March 2024,a questionnaire survey was conducted using a stratified random sampling method among employees of a construction enterprise in Gansu Province.A total of 388 employees from 17 companies(1 headquarters and 16 subsidiaries)completed the questionnaire.The PSS scale,MBI-GS scale,and GHQ-12 scale were used to investigate job stress,job burnout,and mental health levels of the employees,respectively.Themediating role of job burnout between job stress and mental health was tested.Results:The median(P25,P75)scores for overall job stress,job burnout,and mental health among the study subjects were 26.00(21.00,28.75),33.00(23.00,42.00),and 1.00(1.00,3.00),respectively.The incidence rates of job stress,job burnout,and abnormal mental health were 51.03%(198/388),55.93%(217/388),and 30.15%(117/388),respectively,and the scores on the anxiety and depression dimensions of mental health were relatively high,with a median(P25,P75)of 1.00(1.00,2.00).Spearman correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between job stress,job burnout,and employee mental health(r=-0.513,-0.494;P<0.05),and a positive correlation between job stress and job burnout(r=0.699,P<0.05).After controlling for general demographic variables,Bootstrap tests indicated that job burnout partially mediates the relationship between job stress and mental health,with a mediation effect value of-0.062(95%CI:-0.091~-0.034)and a total mediation effect contribution rate of 49.21%.Conclusion:The detection rate of mental health issues among construction enterprise employees is not high,but anxiety and depression levels are relatively high.Job stress negatively predicts employees'mental health,and job burnout partially mediates the relationship between job stress and mental health.
作者
王梓丞
杜嘉仪
钱锡红
周梅芳
WANG Zicheng;DU Jiayi;QIAN Xihong;ZHOU Meifang(School of Health Management,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 511436,China;School of Management,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine;Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area Medical and Health Industry High Quality Development Rule of Law Guarantee Research Center)
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2025年第9期1373-1378,共6页
China Journal of Health Psychology
基金
教育部产学合作协同育人项目(编号:230710085007320)。
关键词
职业倦怠
工作压力
心理健康
建筑企业员工
焦虑
抑郁
Job burnout
Job stress
Mental health
Construction enterprise employees
Anxiety
Depression
作者简介
王梓丞,E-mail:Lan_keeting011220@163.com;通信作者:周梅芳,E-mail:zhmf721@126.com。
