摘要
0~6月龄婴儿各系统尚未完全成熟,是功能性胃肠病(FGIDs)高发时期,其中最常见的为婴儿反流和婴儿绞痛。由于婴儿无法准确表达自我感受,且症状和某些器质性疾病重叠,易引发对婴儿关注度过高的家长的焦虑和抑郁情绪。因此临床上合理的诊治和指导能缓解婴儿症状,安抚家长情绪,提升家庭生活质量。目前FGIDs使用的诊断标准包括《罗马Ⅳ:功能性胃肠病》和《婴幼儿功能性消化不良综合征诊断共识》,两者侧重点不同,可根据临床实际情况进行选择。该年龄段婴儿饮食大多为单一的乳类,因此要坚持母乳喂养,由于各种原因无法坚持母乳喂养的婴儿,配方奶喂养需要综合婴儿症状严重程度,家长意愿、经济情况等因素选择。对于FGIDs的干预措施包括健康和养护指导,以及营养干预,一般不需要药物治疗。
Infants aged 0-6 months are at high risk of functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs)derived from immaturity of various systems,among which infant regurgitation and infant colic are predominant.Infants cannot accurately express their feelings,and some symptoms overlap with organic diseases,which are prone to induce anxiety and depression in overly concerned parents.Therefore,appropriate diagnosis and management helps to release symptoms,ease parents’fear,and improve quality of life.Diagnostic criteria in China include“Rome IV-Functional GI Disorders:Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction”and“Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis of functional dyspepsia syndrome”,which hold different aspects according to concrete conditions and are utilized based on clinical judgement.Infants aged 0-6 months have milk as single nutrition source.Breastfeeding should remain the priority,while specific formula might be chosen in formula-fed infants based on comprehensive considerations including,the severity of problems,parents’perspective,and family economic burden,etc.Management strategies include health education,nurturing guidance and nutritional intervention.Pharmaceutical treatment is not required in most situations.
作者
李在玲
LI Zailing(Department of Pediatrics,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191,China)
出处
《临床儿科杂志》
北大核心
2025年第8期563-568,共6页
Journal of Clinical Pediatrics
关键词
功能性胃肠病
诊疗
进展
婴儿
functional gastrointestinal disorders
diagnosis and treatment
progress
infant
作者简介
通信作者:李在玲,电子信箱:topbj163@sina.com。
