摘要
鸡呼吸道疾病是由病毒(如传染性支气管炎病毒、禽流感病毒、新城疫病毒、传染性喉气管炎病毒)、细菌(如致病性大肠杆菌、副鸡嗜血杆菌)和支原体等多种病原体与环境因素协同作用引发的复杂综合征,具有传播速度快、发病率高和混合感染的特征,严重威胁全球养鸡业的健康发展。本文梳理了主要呼吸道病原体的遗传变异特征及其致病机制,分析了非传染性因素对宿主免疫屏障的破坏作用,概述了鸡呼吸道疾病的流行现状;针对鸡呼吸道疾病病原的检测技术,重点强调了新型检测方法在混合感染诊断和病原溯源中的应用潜力;深入探讨了中药防治鸡呼吸道疾病的作用机制,指出中药可通过直接抑制病原体、抗炎和调节免疫等多靶点协同发挥效应。本文旨在为加深对鸡呼吸道疾病的认识和制定更为有效的防控策略提供科学依据。
Chicken respiratory diseases are complex syndromes caused by the combined effects of multiple pathogens—including viruses(such as infectious bronchitis virus,avian influenza virus,Newcastle disease virus,and infectious laryngotracheitis virus),bacteria(such as pathogenic Escherichia coli and Avibacterium paragallinarum),and Mycoplasmas—as well as environmental factors.These diseases are characterized by rapid transmission,high morbidity,and frequent co-infections,posing a serious threat to the global poultry industry.This paper reviews the genetic variation and pathogenic mechanisms of the major respiratory pathogens in chickens,analyzes how non-infectious factors impair the host immune barrier,and summarizes the current epidemiological situation of chicken respiratory diseases.In terms of diagnostic technology,the application potential of novel methods in co-infection diagnosis and pathogen tracing is highlighted.The mechanisms by which traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)controls chicken respiratory diseases are further explored,emphasizing its multi-target synergistic effects through direct pathogen inhibition,anti-inflammatory action,and immune modulation.This review aims to provide a scientific basis for a deeper understanding of chicken respiratory diseases and for developing more effective prevention and control strategies.
作者
潘思佳
刘惠心
王晨晨
施开创
司红彬
PAN Sijia;LIU Huixin;WANG Chenchen;SI Kaichuang;SI Hongbin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding,Disease Control and Prevention,Guangxi Grass Station,Nanning 530004,China)
出处
《中国兽医杂志》
北大核心
2025年第8期78-89,共12页
Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系广西家禽产业创新团队(nycytxgxcxtd-2024-19-2)。
关键词
鸡呼吸道疾病
病原
检测技术
中药防治作用
avian respiratory disease
pathogen
detection technique
preventive and therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)
作者简介
潘思佳(1992-),女(壮族),硕士生,研究方向为中兽医学,E-mail:794578600@qq.com;通信作者:司红彬,E-mail:shb2009@gxu.edu.cn。
