摘要
针对汽车白车身焊装制造,研究设计出含基座框架、定位组件、夹紧机构的运输辅助夹具,基座框架采用高强度铝合金型材,定位销精准控制公差,夹紧机构适配自动化节拍,还引入可换模块与调节机构。以制造成本最低、定位精度最高、结构紧凑性最好为优化目标,采用粒子群优化算法(Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO)求解,借助ANSYS Workbench软件模拟分析。结果表明,优化后制造成本从8 000元降至6 000元,定位精度从0.12 mm提升0.02 mm,结构体积从1.5 m^(3)减至1.1 m^(3)。优化前后,角码处的应力值分从220 MPa降低到130 MPa,有助于提高夹具的结构强度和疲劳寿命。生产线模拟实验中,装夹和运输时间从120 s缩至80 s,生产效率提高50%。研究表明,优化方案切实可行,有效提升夹具性能,助力汽车白车身焊装高质量、高效率生产。
A transportation auxiliary fixture with a base frame,positioning components,and clamping mechanism has been researched and designed for the welding and assembly of automobile body in white.The base frame is made of high-strength aluminum alloy profile,and the positioning pin accurately controls the tolerance.The clamping mechanism is adapted to the automation rhythm,and replaceable modules and adjustment mechanisms are also introduced.The optimization objective is to achieve the lowest manufacturing cost,highest positioning accuracy,and best structural compactness.Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)algorithm is used to solve the problem,and ANSYS Workbench software is used for simulation analysis.The results showed that the optimized manufacturing cost was reduced from 8000 yuan to 6000 yuan,the positioning accuracy was improved by 0.02mm from 0.12 mm,and the structural volume was reduced from 1.5 m3 to 1.1 m3.Before and after optimization,the stress value at the corner code decreased from 220 MPa to 130 MPa,which helps to improve the structural strength and fatigue life of the fixture.In the production line simulation experiment,the clamping and transportation time was reduced from 120 seconds to 80 seconds,resulting in a 50%increase in production efficiency.Research has shown that the optimization plan is practical and feasible,effectively improving fixture performance,and assisting in high-quality and high-efficiency production of automotive body in white welding.
作者
王立波
WANG Libo(Yangling Vocational&Technical College,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《自动化与仪器仪表》
2025年第7期88-92,共5页
Automation & Instrumentation
基金
杨凌职业技术学院2024年度自然科学研究基金项目《基于汽车技术赛项的智能小车设计制造与开发应用》(ZK24-20)。
关键词
汽车
白车身
焊装
夹具
结构设计
优化
automobile
white body
welding assembly
fixture
structural design
optimization
作者简介
王立波(1988-),男,咸阳人,硕士研究生,讲师,主要研究方向为汽车制造与试验技术。
