摘要
【目的】针对传统砂滤床易堵塞、难清理和高运行费用等问题,需开发新型雨水净化滤床。【方法】保持滤床厚度和滤料粒径一致,对比不同材质滤料在6种进水条件下滤后水浑浊度及悬浮物(SS)浓度,优选出最佳滤料材质;保持滤床厚度一致,对比塑料滤珠在不同粒径条件下滤后水SS浓度及颗粒物粒径分布,优选出最佳滤料粒径。根据优选的滤料材质及粒径构建滤床,对比顶部至底部不同床深处滤后水SS浓度及颗粒物粒径分布,优选出最佳滤床厚度;对比不同水流方向下滤后水SS浓度及颗粒物粒径,优选出最佳滤床过流方向。【结果】滤珠滤床对雨水中的SS具有显著的截留和吸附作用,且对溶解态的化学需氧量(COD)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)也有一定的去除。当进水SS质量浓度为400~500 mg/L,经不同粒径滤珠(1、3、5 mm)过滤后雨水出水SS质量浓度均可降至13 mg/L左右,SS去除率均大于94%。5 mm滤珠在滤层厚度为400 mm的滤珠滤床以水平流、上向流、下向流3种不同水流方向运行时,下向流滤速为0.38~0.76 m/h时,滤床对SS去除率和出水颗粒态污染物的粒径最小。【结论】滤珠滤床因其模块化易于安装替换,以及占地面积小、截留效果好、积泥易清除,可作为一种新型的高效雨水净化装置。
[Objective]In view of the problems of easy clogging,difficult cleaning and high operating cost of traditional filter,need develop a new type of rainwater purification filter bed.[Methods]Maintaining consistent filter bed depth and media particle size,the turbidity and suspended solids(SS)concentration of the filtered water were compared under six different influent conditions across various filter media materials to select the optimal media material;subsequently,with the filter bed depth held constant,the SS concentration and particle size distribution in the filtered water were compared for plastic filter beads of differing particle sizes to determine the optimal media particle size.Based on the selected optimal material and particle size,a filter bed was constructed and the SS concentration and particle size distribution in the filtered water were compared at different depths from the top to the bottom of the bed to identify the optimal filter bed depth;finally,the SS concentration and particle size distribution were compared under different flow directions to select the optimal filter bed flow direction.[Results]The result showed that the beads filter had significant functions of retain and adsorption on SS,company with a certain removal on dissolved chemical oxygen demand,total nitrogen and total phosphorus.When the influent SS concentrations were from 400 mg/L to 500 mg/L,the SS in effluent was reduced to 13 mg/L after the filtering with different beads diameter(1,3,5 mm),and the SS removal efficiency was more than 94%.The filter with 5 mm beads in 40 mm of medium,running in downward flow under the filtering speed from 0.38 m/h to 0.76 m/h,the removal on SS was the best,and the SS size in effluent was the smallest,comparing with the horizontal,and upward flow.[Conclusion]The assembled bead filter can be used as an efficient rainwater purification device because of its modularity,easy installation and replacement,small footprint,good retention effect and easy removal of mud.
作者
张舟
包木平
朱利
郑玉
边维
任勇翔
ZHANG Zhou;BAO Muping;ZHU Li;ZHENG Yu;BIAN Wei;REN Yongxiang(Xi'an Water Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710061,China;MCC Southern City Construction Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430077,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province,School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Chengdu WeiShang Architectural Design Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610000,China)
出处
《净水技术》
2025年第8期129-137,187,共10页
Water Purification Technology
基金
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2018ZDCXL-SF-31-6)。
关键词
球形滤珠
过滤
雨水
模块化滤床
海绵城市
spherical bead
filtration
rainwater
modular filter bed
sponge city
作者简介
张舟(1969-),男,主要从事排水设施运维管理、海绵城市建设与研究等工作,E-mail:380852111@qq.com;通信作者:任勇翔(1968-),男,教授,研究方向为污水处理理论与技术、水环境修复理论与技术,E-mail:ryx@xauat.edu.cn。
