摘要
亳白芍是我国重要的道地药材,为揭示亳白芍道地产区重金属富集特征及潜在风险,以道地产区土壤、亳白芍为对象,采集亳白芍和对应的耕作层土壤样品251套,对重金属含量、赋存形态、富集特征及潜在风险进行了分析,并用相关性分析方法探讨重金属迁移过程.结果表明,土壤重金属含量变化顺序为Zn(83.27 mg·kg^(−1))>Cu(29.88 mg·kg^(−1))>Pb(28.04 mg·kg^(−1))>As(16.83 mg·kg^(−1))>Cd(0.24 mg·kg^(−1)),均超出了土壤环境背景值,且与Na2O呈负相关,与K2O、CaO、MgO、Al2O3、TFe2O3及Mn呈极显著正相关.As、Cu和Zn主要以残渣态存在,Pb的可还原态占比最高,Cd有效态占比最高达46.23%,存在较高的潜在生态风险.亳白芍中重金属含量的分布规律与土壤中一致,平均含量分别为Zn(26.5 mg·kg^(−1))、Cu(5.2 mg·kg^(−1))、Pb(0.1 mg·kg^(−1))、As(0.08 mg·kg^(−1))、Cd(0.04 mg·kg^(−1)),亳白芍对Zn、Cd、Cu的富集能力较强,但在亳白芍中并未观察到重金属超标现象.此外,亳白芍中重金属引起的非致癌和致癌风险均处于相对较低的水平.亳白芍Cd含量与土壤Cd有效态之间存在弱正相关性,土壤有效态Cd含量与pH值呈负相关、与有机质含量呈正相关,防止土壤酸化和适度施用有机肥是控制亳白芍Cd富集的有效途径.研究结果对于从源头上把控中药材的质量和保障亳白芍的药用安全具有重要意义.
Bozhou peony is an important geo-authentic medicinal material in China.To reveal the characteristics of heavy metal accumulation and potential risks in the geo-authentic production areas of Bozhou peony,this study focused on the soil of these areas and the Bozhou peony itself.A total of 251 sets of samples,including Bozhou peony root and corresponding arable soil,were collected.The study analyzed the content and speciation of heavy metals,their accumulation characteristics,and potential risks.Correlation analysis was employed to investigate the migration process of heavy metals.The results indicated that the soil heavy metal content followed the sequence of Zn(83.27 mg·kg^(−1))>Cu(29.88 mg·kg^(−1))>Pb(28.04 mg·kg^(−1))>As(16.83 mg·kg^(−1))>Cd(0.24 mg·kg^(−1)),all exceeding the background values of soil environment.The content showed a negative correlation with Na2O and a highly significant positive correlation with K2O,CaO,MgO,Al2O3,TFe2O3,and Mn.Arsenic,copper,and zinc were primarily present in the residual state,lead in the reducible state had the highest proportion,and cadmium in the bioavailable state reached the highest proportion of 46.23%,indicating a high potential ecological risk.The distribution pattern of heavy metals in Bozhou peony was consistent with that in the soil,with average contents of Zn(26.5 mg·kg^(−1)),Cu(5.2 mg·kg^(−1)),Pb(0.1 mg·kg^(−1)),As(0.08 mg·kg^(−1)),and Cd(0.04 mg·kg^(−1)),respectively.Bozhou peony showed a strong accumulation capacity for Zn,Cd,and Cu,but no heavy metal exceeding the standard was observed.Moreover,the risks of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects caused by heavy metals in Bozhou peony were at relatively low levels.There was a weak positive correlation between the Cd content in Bozhou peony and the bioavailable state of Cd in the soil,while the bioavailable state of soil Cd was negatively correlated with pH value and positively correlated with organic matter content.Preventing soil acidification and applying organic fertilizer appropriately are effective ways to control the accumulation of Cd in Bozhou peony.The findings of this study are of significant importance for controlling the quality of Chinese medicinal materials from the source and ensuring the medicinal safety of Bozhou peony.
作者
王玲玲
汪煜
贺芳
程鹏
王婕
刘桂建
WANG Lingling;WANG Yu;HE Fang;CHENG Peng;WANG Jie;LIU Guijian(University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei,230026,China;Anhui Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Science Research,Hefei,230061,China;Anhui University of Technology,Maanshan,243002,China;Anhui University,Hefei,230039,China;Bozhou University,Traditional Chinese Medicine College,Bozhou,236800,China)
出处
《环境化学》
北大核心
2025年第7期2444-2458,共15页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
安徽省科技重大专项(202203a07020034)资助.
关键词
土壤
亳白芍
重金属
迁移富集
潜在风险
soil
Bozhou peony
heavy metals
migration enrichment
potential risk
作者简介
通信联系人:刘桂建,E-mail:lgj@ustc.edu.cn。
