摘要
本文基于丧服制度对“私亲”“私尊”等问题的讨论,重新考察了“私”的含义及其在差序格局中的位置。本文发现,在儒家社会思想中,“私”并非单纯指自我,亦非纯粹的贬义,而是表示相对次要的、在与核心关系冲突时须避让的关系。与“私”相对的并非“公”,而是父子关系或同体关系。父亲是否亲之、尊之,是判断自身与其关系私与否的关键。与父母的关系、与父同体的关系是差序格局的核心与轴心,由此生发的亲尊之义、爱敬之情是推己及人的真正源头。
This paper re-examines the meaning of"si"and its position in the differential mode of asscociation(chaxugeju)through a discussion of"si qin"(private kinship)and"si zun"(private respect)in mourning apparel studies.The study reveals that in Confucian social thoughts,"si"does not merely denote the self nor carry purely negative connotations.Rather,it signifies relationships of secondary importance that must yield when in conflict with core relationships.The counterpart of"si"is not"gong"(public),but rather the father-son relationship or"tongti"(corporal unity)relationship.The key criterion for determining whether a relationship is""si"lies in whether it is recognized as kin or accorded respect by the father.Relationships with parents and those sharing corporal unity with the father form the core and axis of the differential mode of association.The principles of kinship and respect,as well as the emotions of affection and reverence emanating from these relationships,constitute the true source of"extending from self to others."
作者
周飞舟
孔祥瑞
ZHOU Feizhou;KONG Xiangrui
出处
《社会学评论》
北大核心
2025年第4期73-93,共21页
Sociological Review of China
关键词
私
一体
同体
差序格局
丧服
si
corporal unit
tongti
the differential mode of asscociation
mourning apparel
作者简介
周飞舟,北京大学中国社会与发展研究中心研究员、社会学系教授,主要研究方向为城镇化与城乡发展、地方政府行为、中国传统社会结构与社会思想;通讯作者:孔祥瑞,北京大学教育学院博士研究生,主要研究方向为教育社会学、中国传统教育思想。
